Kuphunzirapo Kanthu kwa Akristu a M’zaka 100 Zoyambirira za Nyengo Yathu Ino

“Penyani kuti pasakhale wina wakulanda inu ngati chuma, mwa kukonda nzeru kwake, ndi chinyengo chopanda pake, potsata mwambo wa anthu, potsata zoyamba za dziko lapansi, osati potsata Kristu.”—Akolose 2:8.

UMU NDI mmene mtumwi Paulo anachenjezera Akristu a m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za Nyengo Yathu ino pankhani ya kuopsa kotsatira nzeru za anthu mosadziŵa. Akristuwo akanatha kutsatira malangizo odalirika a Yesu ndi atumwi ake, malangizo omwe anali atapindula nawo kale kwambiri, kapenanso akanafuna akanatha kutengeka ndi ziphunzitso za anthu zongokhalira kusinthasintha, zomwe zinali zitakhumudwitsa kale ndiponso kuika m’mavuto anthu mamiliyoni ambiri.—1 Akorinto 1:19-21; 3:18-20.

‘Kutsata Kristu’

Anthu amene anamenya nkhondo za pakati pa Akristu ndi Asilamu pafupifupi zaka 1,000 zapitazo sanazindikire kuti ‘kutsata Kristu’ sikungolengeza kuti adzakhala okhulupirika kwa Yesu Kristu basi. (Mateyu 7:21-23) Anayenera kuchita zinthu mogwirizana kwambiri ndi ziphunzitso za Yesu zimene zimapezeka m’Baibulo, lomwe ndi Mawu a Mulungu ouziridwa. (Mateyu 7:15-20; Yohane 17:17) Yesu Kristu ananena kuti: ‘Ngati mukhala inu m’mawu anga, muli akuphunzira anga ndithu.’ (Yohane 8:31) Iye ananenanso kuti: ‘Adzazindikira onse kuti muli akuphunzira anga, ngati muli nacho chikondano wina ndi mnzake.’—Yohane 13:35.

Kunenadi zoona, anthu amene anamenya nawo nkhondo imeneyo anatengeka ndi “chinyengo chopanda pake, potsata mwambo wa anthu.” Ndipo n’zosadabwitsa kuti anthu wamba ananyengeka pamene akuluakulu a m’matchalitchi mwawo, mabishopu enieniwo “anasanduka anthu ankhondo otchuka.”  Buku limene McClintock ndi Strong analemba lotchedwa Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature linati: “Akuluakulu ambiri amatchalitchi anayamba kukhala ndi kamtima kankhondo, mwakuti ankangoti akaona kuti penapake nkhondo ikhoza kuwapatsa kaphindu, sankazengereza n’komwe kuchita nkhondoyo.”

Kodi n’chiyani chimene chinapangitsa kuti zinthu zomvetsa chisonizi zichitike? Atumwi a m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za Nyengo Yathu ino atamwalira, akuluakulu opanduka amatchalitchi anayamba kupotoza kwambiri ziphunzitso za Kristu, monga mmene Mawu a Mulungu analoserera. (Machitidwe 20:29, 30) Mapeto ake tchalitchi chinawonongeka ndipo chinayamba kutengera kwambiri zinthu zosayenera kuti tchalitchi chizitsatira. M’zaka za m’ma 300 za Nyengo Yathu ino, akuti Mfumu ya Roma, Constantine inatembenuka kukhala Mkristu ikudwala mwakayakaya. Kenaka, buku talitchula lija linanena kuti: “Kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha Mtanda m’malo mwa zizindikiro zina za mafano kunachititsa kuti Mkristu aliyense akhale woyenera kupita kunkhondo.”

Inde, koma sikuti Akristu ankayeneradi kutsatira zimenezo. Koma ‘mawu okopa’ a nzeru za anthu anawapangitsa kuti achite zinthu zotsutsana kwambiri ndi Kristu. (Akolose 2:4) Anthu ena akhala akunena zinthu zosokoneza mutu kwambiri pofuna kuti nkhondo ndiponso mikangano imene anthu amachita ioneke ngati yabwino. Komabe monenetsa ndithu, kwa munthu woganiza bwinobwino kapena munthu woopa Mulungu, kuchita nawo “zinthu zauchiwanda zimene zimachitika pankhondo mochita kukonzekera monga ankachitira pa nkhondo zakale kapena zamakono, sikungagwirizane m’pang’ono pomwe ndi . . . mfundo zachikristu,” linatero bukulo.

Nazonso zipembedzo zimene si zachikristu zakhala zikuchita nkhondo kwa zaka zambirimbiri m’mbuyo monsemu. Monganso anthu a m’matchalitchi achikristu, anthu a m’zipembedzo zimenezi akhala akupha anthu achipembedzo chawo chomwe komanso anthu ena wamba chifukwa chosiyana nawo mtundu, ndale ndiponso chipembedzo. Pofuna kutembenuza anthu ena kuti atsatire zikhulupiriro zawo, iwo akhala akuchita zinthu zankhanza kapena kuwaopseza anthu kuti awakhaulitsa. Pofuna kuti zofuna zawo zichitike basi, ena anali nawo m’gulu la anthu amene anapha anthu ochuluka modetsa nkhaŵa. Sanasiyane n’komwe ndi matchalitchi achikristu.

Kusiyana Nalo Dzikoli

Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani Akristu a m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za Nyengo Yathu ino anakwanitsa kukhala osakhudzidwa ndi nkhondo zopulula anthu  ndiponso ndale za nthaŵi imeneyo? Pali mfundo zazikulu ziŵiri zimene zinawathandiza. Mfundo yoyamba ndi lamulo limene Yesu anapereka kwa mtumwi Petro pamene anagwiritsa ntchito lupanga pofuna kuteteza Yesu. Yesuyo analamula kuti: “Tabweza lupanga lako m’chimakemo, pakuti onse akugwira lupanga adzawonongeka ndi lupanga.” (Mateyu 26:52) Mfundo yachiŵiri n’njakuti, Pilato atafunsa nkhani yokhudza za ufumu wa Yesu, Yesuyo anayankha kuti: “Ufumu wanga suli wa dziko lino lapansi; ufumu wanga ukadakhala wa dziko lino lapansi, anyamata anga akadalimbika nkhondo, kuti ndisaperekedwe kwa Ayuda; koma tsopano ufumu wanga suli wochokera konkuno.”—Yohane 18:36.

Kodi Akristu a m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za Nyengo Yathu ino anagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zimenezo motani? Iwo analekana nalo kwambiri dzikoli posaloŵererapo pankhani zilizonse zandale ndiponso zankhondo. (Yohane 15:17-19; 17:14-16; Yakobo 4:4) Anakana kugwiritsa ntchito zida zankhondo polimbana ndi anthu anzawo. N’zosachita kufunsa kuti kuyambira kale Akristu a m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za Nyengo Yathu ino sanali kumbali ya mtundu wandale wa Ayuda kapena ya magulu a asilikali a ku Roma omwe ankalamulira. Komanso, sanayese n’komwe kulangiza atsogoleri andale zoti achite, pakuti imeneyo inali ntchito ya akuluakulu aboma.—Agalatiya 6:5.

Justin Martyr amene anakhalapo m’zaka zoyambira m’ma 100 mpaka m’ma 200 za Nyengo Yathu ino analemba nkhani yokhudza Akristu kuti anali ‘atasula malupanga awo kukhala makasu.’ (Mika 4:3) Potsutsa anthu amene amatsutsa kuti Akristu sayenera kuchita nawo nkhondo, Tertullian anafunsa kuti: “Kodi n’koyenera kugwira ntchito yogwiritsa ntchito lupanga pamene Ambuye analengeza kuti aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito lupanga adzawonongedwa ndi lupanga?”

“Kumvera Mulungu Koposa Anthu”

Kukana kupita kunkhondo kunawaika m’mavuto Akristu oyambirira. Kunali kosemphana ndi zikhulupiriro za nthaŵi imeneyo. Celsus yemwe anali mdani wa Chikristu, anawanyoza chifukwa cha kukanako. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti munthu aliyense ayenera kupita kunkhondo ngati akuluakulu amene akulamulira alamula kutero. Ngakhale kuti Akristu oyambirira anazunzidwa modetsa nkhaŵa, iwo anakana kutsatira nzeru zilizonse za anthu zimene zinali zosemphana ndi ziphunzitso za Kristu. Iwo anati: “Tiyenera kumvera Mulungu koposa anthu.”—Machitidwe 4:19; 5:29.

 Mboni za Yehova zamakono zatengera chitsanzo chawo. Mwachitsanzo m’boma la Nazi ku Germany, iwo anakanitsitsa kwa mtu wagalu kumenya nawo nkhondo zopulula anthu za Hitler. Analolera kuzunzidwa molapitsa, ngakhale kufa kumene, mmalo momenya nawo nkhondo, zimene zili zosemphana ndi chikristu. Akuti “theka la Akristuwo anamangidwa ndipo theka la theka lawo anaphedwa” ndi boma la Nazi chifukwa choumirira kutsatira mfundo za m’Baibulo. (Zachokera m’buku lotchedwa Of Gods and Men) Motero, pa anthu mamiliyoni ambirimbiri amene anaphedwa pa nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse, palibe ndi mmodzi yemwe amene anaphedwa ndi Mboni za Yehova. Mmalo moti aphe anthu ena, a Mboni analolera kuti aphedwe iwowo, monga mmene anachitira ambiri pagulu lawo.

Phunziro Limene Tingatolepo

Kodi mbiri yakale ingatiphunzitse zotani? Mbali imodzi apa n’njakuti: Nzeru za anthu zakhala zikudanitsa ndiponso kuphetsa anthu pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Lemba la Mlaliki 8:9 limanena molondola kuti: “Wina apweteka mnzake pom’lamulira.” Ndipo chifukwa chachikulu chochititsa zonsezi timachipeza pa lemba la Yeremiya 10:23, pamene Mawu a Mulungu amati: “Njira ya munthu sili mwa iye mwini; sikuli kwa munthu woyenda kulongosola mapazi ake.” Zoonadi, Mulungu sanalenge anthu mwakuti angathe kuchita zinthu zawo bwinobwino popanda iyeyo. Anthu sanapatsidwe mphamvu imeneyi ayi. Zonse zimene zakhala zikuchitika kumbuyoku zatsimikizira mfundo imeneyo.

Ndiyetu pamenepa, munthu aliyense payekha sangathe kuchititsa kuti atsogoleri a mayiko asamabwereze kuchita zinthu zoopsa zimene zinachitikapo kale, ndiponso tilibe mphamvu zowanyengerera kuti asinthe zochita zawo. Koma palibe chifukwa choti titengeke n’kuyamba kugwirizana nawo pochita nkhondo zawo. Ponena za ophunzira ake Yesu anati: “Sakhala a dziko lapansi, monga Ine sindikhala wa dziko lapansi.” (Yohane 17:14) Kuti tipeŵe kukhala m’gulu la nkhondo zadzikoli, tiyenera kumvera Mawu a Mulungu amene ali Baibulo, osati nzeru za anthu zongokhalira kusinthasinthazi.—Mateyu 7:24-27; 2 Timoteo 3:16, 17.

Tsogolo Labwino Kwambiri

Mawu a Mulungu, omwe n’ngodalirika amatiuza zambiri osangoti zimene zinachitika kale ndiponso zimene zikuchitika panopa basi. Amatiuzanso mfundo zodalirika zokhudza tsogolo lathu. (Salmo 119:105; Yesaya 46:9-11) Amatiuzanso zolinga za Mulungu zonse zokhudza dziko lapansili. Mulungu sadzalola anthu kuwononga dzikoli chifukwa cha uchitsiru wawo posagwiritsa ntchito bwino njira zapamwamba kwambiri zimene apeza kuchokera ku sayansi ndi zaumisiri. Adzatsimikizira kuti dziko lidzakhalenso monga Paradaiso amene iye ankafuna kuti akhalepo poyamba.—Luka 23:43.

Pamfundo imeneyi, Mawu a Mulungu amati: “Owongoka mtima adzakhala m’dziko, angwiro nadzatsalamo. Koma oipa adzalikhidwa m’dziko, achiwembu adzazulidwamo.” (Miyambo 2:21, 22) Zimenezi zichitika posachedwapa, chifukwa chakuti nthaŵi zoŵaŵitsazi zikusonyeza kuti tili ‘m’masiku otsiriza’ a nthaŵi ino. (2 Timoteo 3:1-5, 13) Ndipo kunenadi zoona, masiku otsirizaŵa atsala ochepa chabe ndipo akumka kumapeto. Ulosi wina wa m’Baibulo umatiphunzitsa kuti: “Dziko lapansi lipita, ndi chilakolako chake; koma iye amene achita chifuniro cha Mulungu akhala ku nthaŵi zonse.”—1 Yohane 2:17; Danieli 2:44.

Posachedwapa Mulungu ‘adzawononga iwo akuwononga dziko’ ndipo mmalo mwa dziko lathu lachiwawali adzabweretsa dziko latsopano m’mene ‘mudzakhalitse chilungamo.’ (Chivumbulutso 11:18; 2 Petro 3:10-13) Kenaka, anthu amene adzatsalepo, “adzawapukutira misozi yonse kuichotsa pamaso pawo; ndipo sipadzakhalanso imfa; ndipo sipadzakhalanso maliro, kapena kulira, kapena chowawitsa.” (Chivumbulutso 21:1-4) Kudzakhala kulibenso n’komwe nkhondo ndiponso chiwawa, chifukwa chakuti ulosi wa pa Yesaya 2:4 udzakhala utakwaniritsidwa zenizeni. Ulosiwu umati: “Iwo adzasula malupanga awo akhale zolimira, ndi nthungo zawo zikhale anangwape; mtundu sudzanyamula lupanga kumenyana ndi mtundu wina, ndipo sadzaphunziranso nkhondo.” Nanunso ngati mutaphunzirapo kanthu pa zimene zinachitika kumbuyoku mungadzaone tsogolo labwino kwambiri limenelo, tsogolo lodzakhala ndi moyo wosatha.—Yohane 17:3.

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 27]

Mboni za Yehova zinaphunzirapo kanthu pa zochita za Akristu a m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za Nyengo Yathu ino

[Chithunzi patsamba 24]

Yesu ananena kuti Ufumu wake suli wadziko lino lapansi

[Chithunzi patsamba 26]

Mawu a Mulungu amalonjeza kuti tidzakhala ndi moyo wosatha tili angwiro m’paradaiso padziko lapansi