Soviet Union Asansa Imipepele

IFYALO fya Union of Soviet Socialist Republics fyapangilwe mu 1922, kabili Russia ali e calo cikalamba kabili icalumbuka pa fyalo fine ifya kutendekelako. Kuli pele pele ifi fyalo fyafikile 15 no kukwata icakaniko cimo pa fyakaniko 6 ifya mpanga ya pe sonde. Lelo mu 1991 Soviet Union yalipashilwe mu kupumikisha. * Icikalamba ca kuti fyali e fyalo fya kubalilapo ukwesha ukufumya ubusumino bwa muli Lesa mu mintontonkanya ya bantu.

Vladimir Lenin, kateka wa ntanshi uwa Soviet Union, ali musambi wa kwa Karl Marx, uwaleti ubuKristu cisolobelo ca lumanimani. Marx aleti imipepele “ishinga abantu utulo pa menso,” kabili Lenin asosele ukuti: “Imfundo yonse iya mipepele, imfundo yonse iya kwa Lesa, . . . fintu fya muselu icine cine.”

Lintu Tikhon, Umukalamba we calici lya Orthodox ilya ku Russia afwile mu 1925, icalici talyasuminishiwe ukusala umukalamba umbi. Ukusansa imipepele ukwakonkelepo kwalengele ifikuulwa fya macalici ayengi ukonaulwa nelyo ukutendeka ukubomfiwa ku fya calo. Bashimapepo batwelwe ku nkambi uko balebomba nga basha, uko abengi bafwile. Encyclopaedia Britannica ilondolola ukuti: “Ilyo Joseph Stalin aleteka mu myaka ya kulekelesha iya ba 1920 na 1930, abe calici bapakeswe icabipisha ico calengele ukuti iminshipendwa bepaiwe. Ilyo umwaka wa 1939 walefika bashikofu fye batatu nelyo bane abe calici lya Orthodox e basuminishiwe ku buteko pamo na macalici 100.”

Lelo, mu kwangufyanya, ifintu fyalyalwike apakalamba.

Ifyacitikile Imipepele mu Nkondo ya Calo iya Cibili

Mu 1939, Germany aletekwa ku baNazi, uo pali iyo nshita ali cibusa ca Soviet Union, aingilile Poland, na muli fyo ukutendeka Inkondo ya Calo iya Cibili. Mu mwaka fye umo, ifyalo fya kulekelesha fine ifya fyalo 15 ifya mu Soviet Union fyalilundilweko, ifyali ni—Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia,  na Moldavia. Lelo, mu June 1941, Germany asanshile icabipisha Soviet Union, ico capapwishe nga nshi Stalin. Ilyo umwaka walepwa, ifita fya Germany fyali na fifika ku nse ya musumba wa Moscow, kabili camoneke ukuti ukucimfiwa kwa Soviet Union kwapalama.

E co, Stalin apekanishishe icalo cakwe ku co abena Russia baleita ati inkondo ya Great Patriotic War. Stalin alishibe ukuti alekabila ukucitila icalici fimo pa kuti abantu bengamutungilila mu nkondo, apo iminshipendwa ya aba bantu bali bacili mu mipepele. Cinshi cacitike ilyo Stalin aalwile amafunde yakwe pa lwa mipepele?

Apo batendeke ukubombela pamo ne calici, abena Russia bapekanishiwe ku kulwa inkondo, kabili ilyo umwaka wa 1945 wafikile, Soviet Union yacimfishe nga nshi abena Germany. Lintu Soviet Union yalekele ukusansa imipepele, amacalici ya Orthodox yalilundilweko ukufika kuli 25,000, na bashimapepo bafikile kuli 33,000.

Ukusansa Kwatendeka na Kabili

Lelo, ubuyo bwa ntungulushi sha Soviet Union ubwa kufumya mu mintontonkanya ya bantu imfundo ya kuti Lesa eko aba tabwayalwike. The Encyclopaedia Britannica ilondolola ukuti: “Kateka Nikita Khrushchev mu 1959 ukufika ku 1964 atendeke ukukaanya imipepele, icalengele amacalici ukukanafika na kuli 10,000. Pimen asalilwe ukuba umukalamba we calici lya Orthodox mu 1971 pa numa ya mfwa ya kwa Alexis, kabili, nangu abantu abengi nga nshi baleya ku calici, ifyali no kwisacitikila icalici tafyaishibikwe.” *

Ku ntanshi twalalanda pa fyo Icalici lya Orthodox ilya ku Russia lyapuswike ukusansa kwa cibili ukwa Soviet Union. Lelo cali shani ku mipepele imbi mu Soviet Union? Pali iyi mipepele, ni ili kwi iyo basanshile sana kabili mulandu nshi? Ifi fili no kulandwapo mu cipande cikonkelepo.

[Amafutunoti]

[Icikope pe bula 11]

Lenin aleti ‘imfundo yonse iya kwa Lesa cintu ca muselu icine cine’

[Abatusuminishe]

Musée d’Histoire Contemporaine—BDIC