Ale Si Mawu Ƒe Nyaa Wɔ Kaka Le Spain Le Titinaɣeyiɣiwo Me
‘Mele mɔ kpɔm be ne medze mɔ yina Spania la, mava kpɔ mi ɖa, eye ne menɔ mia gbɔ sẽe nye dzi dze eme la, miaɖom ɖa ne mayi.’
APOSTOLO Paulo ye ŋlɔ nya mawo ɖo ɖe ehati Kristotɔ siwo nɔ Roma le ƒe 56 lia Mía Ŋɔli (M.Ŋ.) me lɔƒo. Biblia megblɔe na mí nenye be Paulo te ŋu va yi Spain loo alo mete ŋu yi o. Aleke kee nyaa ɖale o, kaka ƒe alafa evelia M.Ŋ. naɖo la, nya nyui si le Mawu ƒe Nya, Biblia, me la ɖo Spain to Paulo kple Kristotɔ dutanyanyuigblɔla bubuwo ƒe agbagbadzedzewo me.
Eteƒe medidi o, Spaintɔ geɖe va zu Kristotɔwo eye wonɔ agbɔ sɔm ɖe edzi. Eya ta eva hiã be woaɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe Latingbe me na wo. Nu si tae ye nye be kaka ƒe alafa evelia naɖo la, Romatɔwo nɔ Spain dzi ɖum xoxo eye Latingbe va zu gbe si ame akpa gãtɔ dona le Roma Fiaɖuƒe bliboa me.
LATINGBE ME BIBLIA KPƆ HIAHIÃA GBƆ
Blema Spaintɔ siwo nye Kristotɔwo ɖe Biblia geɖe gɔme ɖe Latingbe me; wova yɔ gɔmeɖeɖe mawo be Vetus Latina Hispana. Wozã Latingbe me Biblia mawo le Spain ƒe geɖe hafi Jerome va wu eƒe Biblia xɔŋkɔ si woyɔna be Latin Vulgate la nu le ƒe alafa atɔ̃lia M.Ŋ. me.
Biblia si gɔme Jerome ɖe, si nu wòwu le Betlexem, Palestina, la va ɖo Spain le ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ko me. Esi Lucinius, Biblia srɔ̃la si nye kesinɔtɔ aɖe, see be Jerome le Biblia gɔme ɖem ɖe Latingbe me la, edi be Biblia yeyea ƒe ɖe nasu ye si kaba. Eya ta edɔ nugbugbɔŋlɔla ade ɖo ɖe Betlexem be woagbugbɔ aŋlɔ emenyawo vɛ na ye le Spain. Vivivi la, le ƒe alafa siwo kplɔe ɖo me la, Vulgate Biblia va xɔ ɖe Vetus Latina Hispana la teƒe. Latingbe me gɔmeɖeɖe mawo kpe ɖe Spaintɔwo ŋu be woxlẽ Biblia hese eƒe gbedeasia gɔme. Gake esi Roma Fiaɖuƒea wu enu la, amewo va dze gbegbɔgblɔ yeyewo dodo gɔme.
BIBLIA SIWO WOŊLƆ ÐE KPEWO DZI
Le ƒe alafa atɔ̃lia me la, Visigot-wo kple Germanytɔ bubuwo va xɔ Spain-nyigba la, eye amewo va dze gbe yeye si woyɔna be Gotik la dodo gɔme le ƒukpo afã la dzi. Ŋusẽtɔ yeyeawo tsɔ Kristotɔwo ƒe subɔsubɔ ƒomevi aɖe si woyɔ be Arianism (Arian-subɔsubɔ), si tsi tsitre ɖe Mawuɖekaetɔ̃ ƒe nufiafiaa ŋu la vɛ. Wotsɔ woawo ŋutɔwo ƒe Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe si woyɔna be Ulfilas Ƒe Gotik Biblia la hã vɛ. Wonɔ Biblia sia zãm le Spain ʋuu va ɖo ƒe alafa adelia me, esime Reccared, si nye Visigot-fia, si gbe Arian-subɔsubɔ va zu Katolikotɔ la ŋɔli. Ena woƒo Arian-gbe me gbalẽwo katã nu ƒu hetɔ dzo wo hekpe ɖe Ulfilas Ƒe Biblia ŋu. Esia wɔe be Gotik-gbalẽwo katã nu yi le Spain-nyigba dzi.
Kpe gbabɛ aɖe si dzi woŋlɔ Biblia me nyawo ɖo le Latingbe me, le ƒe alafa adelia M.Ŋ. me
Ke hã Mawu ƒe Nya la yi edzi nɔ ta kekem le Spain le ɣeyiɣi mawo me. To vovo na Gotik-gbea la, ame geɖe gadoa Latin ƒe gbetagbe aɖe hã le Spain, si me Romance-gbe siwo wodona le Iberian Ƒukpo afãa dzi la va do tso. * Latingbe sia ƒe nuŋlɔɖi xoxotɔ siwo wonyae nye esi woyɔ be Visigotik-kpewo, le esi woŋlɔ wo ɖe kpe gbabɛwo dzi ta. Akɔntabubu ɖee fia be wonɔ anyi tso ƒe alafa adelia kple adrelia me, eye woŋlɔ Psalmowo kple Nyanyuigbalẽawo me nyawo ɖe wo dometɔ aɖewo dzi. Woŋlɔ Psalmo 16 lia me nyawo katã ɖe kpeawo dometɔ ɖeka dzi.
Nyateƒe si wònye be woŋlɔ Ŋɔŋlɔawo me nyawo ɖe kpewo gɔ̃ hã dzi la ɖee fia be dukɔa me tɔ tsɛwo hã tea ŋu gbugbɔŋlɔa Mawu ƒe Nyaa hexlẽnɛ ɣemaɣi. Edze abe nufialawoe naa dɔdeasi nusrɔ̃vi siwo nɔ nuxexlẽ kple nuŋɔŋlɔ srɔ̃m la be woaŋlɔ Biblia me nya mawo ɖi ene. Nuŋlɔkpeawo mexɔ asi abe agbalẽ siwo saɖeagaxɔmenɔlawo zãna tsɔ ŋlɔa woƒe Biblia siwo me nɔnɔmetatawo le la ene o.
Nɔnɔmetata aɖe si le León Biblia si woɖo atsyɔ̃ na etɔxɛe la me. Togbɔ be wode asixɔxɔ gã Biblia mawo ŋu hã la, Biblia mawo mete ŋu wɔ geɖe be gbedeasi si le Mawu ƒe Nyaa me la ɖo ame geɖe gbɔ o
Wotsɔ Biblia aɖe si me nɔnɔmetatawo le, si xɔ asi ale gbegbe la da ɖe San Isidoro gbedoxɔ si le León, Spain, la me. Akɔntabubu ɖee fia be ƒe 960 M.Ŋ. mee woŋlɔe, eye axa 1028 ye le eme; edidi sentimeta 47, eye wòkeke sentimeta 34, eye eƒe kpekpeme anɔ abe kilogram 18 ene. Biblia bubu aɖe si le Vatikan Agbalẽdzraɖoƒe fifia lae nye Ripoll Biblia, si wobu akɔnta be woŋlɔ le ƒe 1020 M.Ŋ. me. Enye Biblia siwo me wota nu ɖo fũu le Titinaɣeyiɣiwo me la dometɔ ɖeka. Hafi woaŋlɔ Biblia si woɖo atsyɔ̃ na nenema la, ele be saɖeagaxɔmenɔla la nazã ŋkeke blibo ɖeka atsɔ aŋlɔ ŋɔŋlɔdzesi si adze nuŋɔŋlɔa gɔme la atsyãtɔe alo azã kwasiɖa blibo ɖeka atsɔ aŋlɔ nu ɖe axa si dzi agbalẽa kple etalawo ƒe ŋkɔwo nɔna la dzi. Togbɔ be wode asixɔxɔ gã Biblia mawo ŋu hã la, Biblia mawo mete ŋu wɔ geɖe be gbedeasi si le Mawu ƒe Nyaa me la ɖo ame geɖe gbɔ o.
ARABGBE ME BIBLIA
Kaka ƒe alafa enyilia naɖo la, wogadze gbe bubu aɖe dodo gɔme le Spain le esi Moslemtɔwo va xɔ ƒukpo afã la ta. Arabgbe va xɔ ɖe Latingbea teƒe le nuto siwo dzi ɖum Moslemtɔwo nɔ la me, eye eva hiã be woaɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe gbe yeye sia me.
Tso ƒe alafa atɔ̃lia me va ɖo ƒe alafa enyilia M.Ŋ. me la, Latingbe kple Arabgbe me Bibliawo wɔe be Spaintɔwo te ŋu xlẽ Mawu ƒe Nya la
Ðikeke mele eme o be Arabgbe me Biblia gɔmeɖeɖewo va bɔ ɖe Spain le titinaɣeyiɣiwo me, vevietɔ Nyanyuigbalẽawo. Edze abe John, si nye Seville ƒe bisiɔp lae ɖe Biblia bliboa gɔme ɖe Arabgbe me le ƒe alafa enyilia me ene. Nublanuitɔe la, Arabgbe me Biblia mawo dometɔ akpa gãtɔ bu. Arabgbe me Nyanyuigbalẽawo, siwo gɔme woɖe le ƒe alafa ewolia ƒe domedomee la ƒe ɖeka gale bisiɔp ƒe sɔlemexɔ si le León, Spain, la me.
Nyanyuigbalẽawo, si gɔme woɖe ɖe Arabgbe me le ƒe alafa ewolia M.Ŋ. me
SPAINGBE ME BIBLIAWO DO AZƆ
Le Titinaɣeyiɣiawo me la, wova dze Castilian, alo Spaingbe, dodo gɔme le Iberian Ƒukpo afã la dzi. Gbe yeye sia va zu mɔ nyui aɖe si dzi woto kaka Mawu ƒe Nya la. * Biblia me nya siwo gɔme woɖe ɖe Spaingbe me zi gbãtɔ la dze le agbalẽ si nye La Fazienda de Ultra Mar (Ƒugodo Ƒe Nyadzɔdzɔwo) me le ƒe alafa 13 lia me. Mɔzɔzɔ yi Israel-nyigba dzi ƒe ŋutinya aɖe le agbalẽ sia me, eye Mose ƒe Agbalẽ Atɔ̃awo kple Hebri Ŋɔŋlɔawo me agbalẽ bubuwo kpakple Nyanyuigbalẽawo kple Apostoloawo Ƒe Lɛtawo me nyawo hã le eme.
Fia Alfonso X na woɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe Spaingbe me
Sɔlemehakplɔlawo mekpɔ dzidzɔ ɖe gɔmeɖeɖe sia ŋu o. Eya ta le ƒe 1234 me la, Tarragona ƒe Aɖaŋuɖotakpekpea de se be amewo natsɔ Biblia gbalẽ siwo katã le wo degbe vovovoawo me la aɖana hakplɔla siwo le woƒe nutowo me la be woatɔ dzo wo. Gake dzidzɔtɔe la, se sia mewɔe be amewo dzudzɔ Biblia gɔme ɖeɖe o. Fia Alfonso X (1252-1284), si wogblɔ be eyae to Spaingbe me hakpanyawo vɛ la, di be woaɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo gɔme ɖe gbe yeyea me eye wòna kpekpeɖeŋu si hiã. Spaingbe me Biblia siwo gɔme woɖe ɣemaɣi la dometɔ aɖewoe nye esi woyɔ be Pre-Alfonsine Bible, kple Alfonsine Bible la si do le ema megbe kpuie, eye wòva zu gɔmeɖeɖe si bɔ wu le Spain-nyigba dzi le ɣeyiɣi mawo me.
Ƒe alafa 13 lia me Biblia siwo nye Pre-Alfonsine (miame) kple Alfonsine (ɖusime) ƒe axawo
Biblia eveawo siaa wɔe be Spaingbe yeyea va xɔ anyi nɔ eye wòtsi nyuie. Agbalẽnyala Thomas Montgomery gblɔ tso Pre-Alfonsine Bible la ŋu be: “Biblia sia gɔmeɖela wɔ dɔ nyuie ale gbegbe be nyawo gɔme ɖeɖe de pɛpɛpɛ eye wovivi hã. . . . Gbegbɔgblɔa me kɔ eye egɔmesese le bɔbɔe, abe ale si wòdze be wòanɔ na dukɔa me tɔ siwo meɖu tu na Latingbea o la ene.”
Ke hã Latin Vulgate Biblia lae wozã tsɔ ɖe Spaingbe me Biblia mawo gɔme, ke menye Biblia siwo woŋlɔ ɖe gbe gbãtɔawo me lae o. Tso ƒe alafa 14 lia me la, Yudatɔ agbalẽnyalawo kpɔ Hebri Ŋɔŋlɔawo dzi ɖe Biblia geɖe gɔme tso Hebrigbea me tẽe. Le ɣeyiɣi ma me la, Spain ye nye Europa dukɔ si me Yudatɔwo sɔ gbɔ ɖo wu, eye Hebrigbe me asinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ nyui geɖe nɔ Yudatɔ gbegɔmeɖelawo si woatsɔ aɖe Biblia gɔme. *
Eƒe kpɔɖeŋu ɖedzesi ɖekae nye Alba Biblia, si nu wowu le ƒe alafa 15 lia me. Spaintɔ bubume xɔŋkɔ aɖe si woyɔ be Luis de Guzmán, ye bia tso Rabbi Moisés Arragel si be wòaɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe castizo si nye Spaingbe akuakua me. Egblɔ susu eve siwo tae gɔmeɖeɖe yeye sia hiã ɖo. Egblɔ be gbãtɔe nye be: “Womeɖe Romance-gbe me Biblia siwo li egbea la gɔme wode pɛpɛpɛ o,” eye evelia ye nye be, “Axadzinuŋɔŋlɔ siwo ɖe akpa siwo gɔme sese sesẽ me la hiã na amewo abe míawo ene vevie.” Eƒe biabia be woaɖe Biblia bubu gɔme ɖee fia be eŋɔlimetɔwo di vevie be yewoaxlẽ Biblia ahase egɔme. Eɖee fia hã be Ŋɔŋlɔ siwo nɔ ameawo degbewo me la kaka ɖe Spain-nyigba dzi xoxo ɣemaɣi.
Gbegɔmeɖelawo kple nugbugbɔŋlɔla siwo nɔ anyi le titinaɣeyiɣiwo me ƒe agbagbadzedzewo wɔe be Spaintɔ siwo nya agbalẽ la te ŋu xlẽ Biblia le woawo ŋutɔwo degbe me kplamatsedonu boo aɖeke manɔmee. Le esia ta ŋutinyaŋlɔla Juan Orts González gblɔ be “Spaintɔwo nya Biblia nyuie wu Germanytɔwo alo Eŋlisiawo do ŋgɔ na Luther ƒe ɣeyiɣia.”
“Spaintɔwo nya Biblia nyuie wu Germanytɔwo alo Eŋlisiawo do ŋgɔ na Luther ƒe ɣeyiɣia.”—Ŋutinyaŋlɔla Juan Orts González
Gake kaka ƒe alafa 15 lia nawu enu la, Katolikotɔwo Ƒe Ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒe si nɔ Spain la de se be woagaɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo gɔme ɖe gbe siwo wodona le dukɔa me la me o eye wòaganɔ ame aɖeke si hã o. Aleae wode se ɖe Biblia nu le Spain ƒe geɖe. Ƒe alafa etɔ̃ va yi hafi woɖe se ma ɖa. Le ɣeyiɣi sesẽ ma me la, gbegɔmeɖela siwo ƒo dzi nɔ la gaɖe Biblia yeyewo gɔme ɖe Spaingbe me le duta eye wotsɔe gba de yi Spain-nyigba dzi. *
Abe ale si titinaɣeyiɣiwo me Biblia ƒe ŋutinya sia si dzɔ le Spain ɖee fia ene la, tsitretsiɖeŋulawo dze agbagba to mɔ geɖe dzi be yewoatsyɔ nu Mawu ƒe Nya la dzi. Ke hã womete ŋu tsyɔ nu Ŋusẽkatãtɔ la ƒe nyawo dzi o.
Dɔ si agbalẽnyala geɖewo wɔ kutrikukutɔe la wɔe be Biblia xɔ aƒe ɖe Spain le titinaɣeyiɣiwo me eye wona wòbɔ ɖe dukɔa me. Gbegɔmeɖela siwo li egbea la srɔ̃ gbegɔmeɖela dovevienu siwo do ŋgɔ na wo, siwo ɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo gɔme ɖe Latingbe, Gotik-gbe, Arabgbe, kple Spaingbe me la ƒe kpɔɖeŋu. Esia wɔe be ame miliɔn geɖe siwo doa Spaingbe egbea la tea ŋu xlẽa Mawu ƒe Nya la le woawo ŋutɔwo degbe me.
^ mm. 10 Gbe siawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye Castilian, Catalan, Galician, kple Portuguese.
^ mm. 17 Egbea la, ame miliɔn 540 sɔŋ ye doa Spaingbe.
^ mm. 20 Kpɔ nyati si nye “Mawu Ƒe Ŋkɔ La Kpakple Ale Si Alfonso de Zamora Di Be Nyawo Nade Pɛpɛpɛ,” si dze le magazine sia ƒe December 1, 2011 tɔ me.
^ mm. 23 Kpɔ nyati si nye “Casiodoro de Reina Ƒe Ʋiʋli Ðe Spaniagbe Me Biblia Ta,” si dze le magazine sia ƒe June 1, 1996 tɔ me.
