ʼE Tokaga Moʼoni Koa Te ʼAtua Ki Te Hahaʼi Fafine?
ʼE Tokaga Moʼoni Koa Te ʼAtua Ki Te Hahaʼi Fafine?
“Neʼe kamata te agahala mai te fafine, pea ʼaki ia ia ʼe tou mamate fuli.”—LʼECCLÉSIASTIQUE, ʼI TE TEITEI TAʼU 200 I.M.T.S. *
“Ko koutou ʼaē neʼe kotou ʼavahi te matapā ki te tēvolo he neʼe kotou kai te fua ʼo te fuʼu ʼakau ʼaē neʼe tapuʼi, mo kotou ʼuluaki talagataʼa ki te lao fakaʼatua . . . Neʼe kotou maumauʼi gafua ai ia te pāki ʼo te ʼAtua, te tagata.”—TERTULLIEN, ON THE APPAREL OF WOMEN, ʼI TE TEITEI TAʼU 200 H.T.S. *
KO TE ʼu palalau ʼaia ʼe mole haʼu ia mai te Tohi-Tapu. Lolotoga ni taʼu e lauʼi teau, neʼe fakaʼaogaʼi te ʼu palalau ʼaia moʼo fakatonuhia te fehiʼaʼinaʼi ʼo te hahaʼi fafine. Māʼia iā ʼaho nei, ʼe kei fakaʼaogaʼi pē e ʼihi kau tauhi lotu fakavale ia he ʼu tohi fakalotu moʼo fakalakatonuʼi te gaohi koviʼi ʼo te hahaʼi fafine, ʼo natou ʼui ko tanatou hala mo kapau ʼe hoko te ʼu fihifihia ʼi te mālamanei. Neʼe loto moʼoni koa e te ʼAtua ke fakalainoaʼi pea mo gaohi koviʼi te hahaʼi fafine e te hahaʼi tagata? Koteā ʼaē ʼe ʼui ʼi te Tohi-Tapu? Tou vakaʼi te faʼahi ʼaia.
◼ Neʼe fakamalaʼia koa e te ʼAtua te hahaʼi fafine?
Kailoa ia. Kae ʼe ko “te gata afea, ae nee higoa ko te tiapolo,” ʼaē neʼe fakamalaʼia e te ʼAtua. (Apokalipisi 12:9; Senesi 3:14) ʼI te temi ʼaē neʼe ʼui ai e te ʼAtua ʼe “pule” anai ia Atama ki tona ʼohoana, neʼe mole ina fakahā ai tana tali ʼaē ke pōpula te fafine ki te tagata. (Senesi 3:16) Kae neʼe ina fakahā fakatomuʼa pē ia te ʼu fua kovi ʼo te agahala ʼo te ʼuluaki taumātuʼa.
Koia, ko te gaohi koviʼi ʼo te hahaʼi fafine ʼe mole ko te finegalo ia ʼo te ʼAtua, kae ʼe hoko ia ʼuhi ko te ʼuhiga agahala ʼo te tagata. ʼE mole lagolago te Tohi-Tapu ki te manatu ʼaē ʼe tonu ke pōpula te fafine ki te tagata ke feala ai he fakamolemole ʼo te agahala olisinale.—Loma 5:12.
◼ Neʼe fakatupu koa e te ʼAtua te fafine ʼo mālalo age ʼi te tagata?
Kailoa ia. ʼE ʼui fēnei iā Senesi 1:27: “Nee fakatupu leva e te Atua te tagata o fakatatau kia ia; nee ina fakatupu te tagata o fakatatau ki te paaki o te Atua, nee ina fakatupu te tagata mo te fafine.” Koia ʼi te kamata, neʼe fakatupu te hahaʼi fuli, tagata mo fafine, ʼaki te fealagia ʼaē ke natou fakahā te ʼofa, te faitotonu, te fiafia pea mo ʼihi atu agaaga ʼe maʼu e te ʼAtua. Logolā neʼe mole tatau te ʼu meʼa neʼe logoʼi e Atama mo Eva ʼi tonā loto pea mo tonā ʼuhiga, kae neʼe mole fakakehekeheʼi nāua e tonā Tupuʼaga pea mo te ʼu fakatotonu ʼaē neʼe ina foaki age kiā nāua.—Senesi 1:28-31.
ʼI muʼa ʼo te fakatupu ʼo Eva, neʼe ʼui fēnei e te ʼAtua: “E au fai anai he tokoni [kiā Atama] ke tatau mo ia.” (Ko mātou ʼaē neʼe matou fetogi tona faʼahiga tohi; Senesi 2:18) Ko tona fakaʼuhiga koa ʼo te kupu “tatau” ʼe mālalo age te fafine ʼi te tagata? Kailoa ia. Pea ʼe feala ke toe fakaliliu te kupu Fakahepeleo ʼaia ʼaki te kupu “fakakātoa” peʼe “tokoni” ki te tagata. Kotou fakakaukauʼi age muʼa ia te fetokoniʼaki ʼa he tōketā faitafa pea mo he tōketā ʼe ina fai he foʼi huki fakamoe lolotoga te faitafa. ʼE feala koa ke gāue tokotahi pē he tahi iā nāua? ʼE faigataʼa anai! Logolā ʼe ko te tōketā faitafa ʼaē ʼe ina fakahoko te tafa, kae ʼe ko ia koa ʼaē ʼe maʼuhiga age? Kailoa ia. ʼO toe fēia, neʼe fakatupu e te ʼAtua te tagata mo te fafine ke nā felagolagoʼaki, kae ke mole nā fefakataupiepieʼaki.—Senesi 2:24.
◼ Koteā ʼaē ʼe hā ai ko te ʼAtua ʼe tokaga ki te hahaʼi fafine?
ʼI te ʼiloʼi fakatomuʼa ʼaē e te ʼAtua te aga ʼaē kā fai anai e te tagata agahala, neʼe ina foimo fakahā ai ia tana fakatuʼutuʼu ʼaē ke ina puipui te hahaʼi fafine. ʼI te talanoa ʼa te fafine faitohi ko Laure Aynard ki te Lao ʼaē neʼe foaki kiā Moisese ʼi te taʼu 1513 I.M.T.S., ʼe ina ʼui fēnei ʼi tana tohi (La Bible au féminin): “Mokā talanoa te fuakava ʼo te Lao ki te hahaʼi fafine, ʼe lahi tana lagolago kiā nātou.”
Ohagē lā, neʼe fakatotonu ʼi te Lao ke mole fakamaʼuhigaʼi mo fakaʼapaʼapaʼi pē te tamai, kae ʼo toe fēia mo te faʼē. (Ekesote 20:12; 21:15, 17) Neʼe toe fakamaʼua ai foki ke tokaga lelei ki te hahaʼi fafine faitama. (Ekesote 21:22) Māʼia iā ʼaho nei, ko te ʼu lao ʼaia ʼa te ʼAtua ʼe kehekehe ʼosi mo te ʼu meʼa ʼe tapuʼi age ki te hahaʼi fafine e te ʼu lao ʼi ʼihi fenua. Kae ʼe mole gata ai.
Ko He Lao ʼe Hā Ai Ia Te Manatu ʼa Te ʼAtua ʼo ʼUhiga Mo Te Hahaʼi Fafine
Ko te Lao ʼaē neʼe foaki e Sehova ʼAtua ki te puleʼaga ʼo Iselaele, neʼe tokoni ai ke maʼu fuli, tagata mo fafine, he ʼu tapuakina ʼi te faʼahi fakasino, mo nofo maʼa ʼi te aga ʼaē ʼe tonu ke fai, pea mo fakaovi kiā Sehova. Kapau neʼe natou fakalogo mo talagafua, pea ʼe natou maʼu anai “te tuulaga uluaki i te u puleaga fuli o te kele.” (Tetelonome 28:1, 2) Neʼe koteā te tuʼulaga ʼa te fafine ʼi te Lao? Tou vakaʼi te ʼu faʼahi ʼaenī:
1. Neʼe natou ʼāteaina. Neʼe kehekehe te hahaʼi fafine Iselaele mo ʼihi fafine ʼo te tahi ʼu puleʼaga, he neʼe lahi te ʼāteaina ʼaē neʼe natou maʼu. Logolā neʼe foaki te tuʼulaga pule ʼo te fāmili ki te tagata ʼohoana, kae ko te fafine ʼohoana ʼaki te falala moʼoni ʼaē ʼo tona ʼohoana ki ai, neʼe feala ke manatu ki he gāueʼaga mo ina totogi, pea mo tō ai he ʼu fuʼu vite. Kapau neʼe poto ʼi te faʼu ʼo te ʼu filo pea mo fai tui, neʼe feala pē ke ina Taaga Lea 31:11, 16-19) ʼI te Lao ʼa Moisese, ko te hahaʼi fafine neʼe feala pē ke natou fai te meʼa ʼaē ʼe natou loto kiai, kae neʼe mole natou pōpula ʼosi ki te tagata.
fakatuʼu hana matani gāue. (ʼI te temi ʼo te kau Iselaele, neʼe toe feala ki te hahaʼi fafine ke natou maʼu he ʼu felōgoi lelei mo te ʼAtua. ʼE talanoa ʼi te Tohi-Tapu kiā Ana, ʼaē neʼe faikole ki te ʼAtua ʼo ʼuhiga mo tona fihifihia pea neʼe ina fai te fakapapau. (1 Samuele 1:11, 24-28) Ko he fafine mai te kolo ʼo Sunami, neʼe tau ʼalu ki te polofetā ko Eliseo ʼi te ʼu ʼaho Sāpato. (2 Hau 4:22-25) Ko Tepola mo Ulita, neʼe ko he ʼu fafine neʼe fakanofo e te ʼAtua ko ni tuʼi fakamāu peʼe ko ni fafine polofetā. ʼE feala ke tou tokagaʼi neʼe loto lelei te hahaʼi tagata maʼu tuʼulaga pea mo te ʼu tagata fai sākilifisio peʼe pelepitelō ke natou kumi tokoni kiā nāua.—Tui Fakamaau 4:4-8; 2 Hau 22:14-16, 20.
2. Neʼe akoʼi nātou. Neʼe kau te hahaʼi fafine ki te fuakava ʼo te Lao, koia neʼe fakaafe ai nātou ke natou logo ki te lau ʼo te Lao, ʼaē neʼe natou maʼu ai te fealagia ʼaē ke akoʼi nātou. (Tetelonome 31:12; Neemia 8:2, 8) Neʼe toe feala foki ke akoʼi nātou ʼaki tanatou kau ki ʼihi gāue neʼe fai maʼa te hahaʼi ʼi te tauhi ki te ʼAtua. Ohagē lā, ko ʼihi fafine neʼe “fakatahi” pe neʼe gāue ʼi te tapenakulo, pea ko ʼihi neʼe natou hiva mo te hahaʼi tagata ʼi he kau hiva.—Ekesote 38:8; 1 Koloniko 25:5, 6.
Tokolahi te hahaʼi fafine neʼe natou maʼu te ʼatamai mo te poto ʼaē ʼe ʼaoga moʼo fakatuʼu hanatou matani gāue ʼe haʼele lelei. (Taaga Lea 31:24) ʼI te agaʼi fenua ʼo te tahi ʼu puleʼaga ʼo te temi ʼaia, neʼe ko te tamai pē ʼaē neʼe ina akoʼi ʼona foha, kae ʼi Iselaele neʼe kau mo te faʼē ki te akoʼi ʼo ʼana tamaliki tagata ʼo aʼu ki tonatou lalahi. (Taaga Lea 1:8; 31:1) ʼO hā mai ai ko te hahaʼi fafine Iselaele neʼe akoʼi nātou.
3. Neʼe fakamaʼuhigaʼi mo fakaʼapaʼapaʼi nātou. Neʼe fakatotonu lelei fēnei ʼi te ʼu Folafola e Hogofulu: “Fakaapaapa ki tau tamai mo tau fae.” ʼI te tāʼaga lea ʼa te Hau poto ko Salomone ʼe tou lau fēnei ai: “Oi toku foha, fakalogo mai ki te u akonaki a tau tamai, pea aua naa ke siaki te tokoni a tau fae.”—Ekesote 20:12.
Neʼe toe maʼu foki ʼi te Lao te ʼu tuʼuga lēkula ʼo ʼuhiga mo te aga ʼaē neʼe tonu ke femaʼuʼaki e nātou ʼaē ʼe heʼeki ʼohoana, ʼo fakahā ai te fakaʼapaʼapaʼi ʼo te fafine. (Levitiko 18:6, 9; Tetelonome 22:25, 26) Ko he tagata ʼohoana agalelei neʼe tonu ke tokaga ki tona ʼohoana ʼi te faʼahi fakasino heʼe mole tatau te mālohi ʼa te tagata mo te fafine pea mokā mahaki fakafafine.—Levitiko 18:19.
4. Neʼe puipui te ʼu meʼa ʼaē neʼe fakagafua ke natou maʼu peʼe ke natou fai. ʼE ʼui e Sehova ʼi tana Folafola ko ia “ko te tamai a te u fanau hala Pesalemo 68:5; Tetelonome 10:17, 18) Ohagē lā, ko te fafine vītua neʼe ʼohoana mo te polofetā, neʼe tau mo he aga heʼe faitotonu ʼuhi ko te tagata ʼaē neʼe tuʼu maʼua ki ai. Kae neʼe fakahoko e Sehova ia he milakulo ke feala ai hana maʼuli pea ke ina taupau ai tona matagafua.—2 Hau 4:1-7.
matua, ko te tauhi o te u vitua.” ʼI tona fakahagatonu, neʼe ko te Haofakiʼaga ia ʼo nātou ʼaē neʼe mole puipui ʼanatou meʼa he neʼe hala tamai peʼe hala ʼohoana. (ʼI muʼa ʼo te hū ʼa te kau Iselaele ki te Kele ʼo Te Fakapapau, neʼe kua mate te pule fāmili ko Selofati kae neʼe mole hona foha. Koia neʼe kole ai e ʼona ʼofafine e toko nima kiā Moisese ke ina foaki age honatou “tofiga” ʼi te Kele ʼo Te Fakapapau. Pea neʼe ʼui e Sehova kiā Moisese ke tokaga ʼo gaohi te ʼu fafine ʼaia ʼaki he aga faitotonu. Neʼe ina ʼui fēnei: “Ke ke foaki kia natou he tofiga i te lotolotoga o te u tehina o tanatou tamai, koteuhi ko natou ae e natou mau anai te tofiga o tanatou tamai.” Talu mai te temi ʼaia, neʼe feala ki te hahaʼi fafine Iselaele ke natou maʼu mai tanatou tamai he tōfiga pea ke natou tuku holo ai ʼi ʼonatou hākoga.—Numelo 27:1-8.
Neʼe Natou Fulihi Te Manatu ʼa Te ʼAtua ʼo ʼUhiga Mo Te Hahaʼi Fafine
ʼI te Lao ʼa Moisese, neʼe maʼu e te hahaʼi fafine ia he tuʼulaga maʼuhiga, pea ko te ʼu meʼa ʼaē neʼe natou maʼu neʼe fakaʼapaʼapaʼi. Kae talu mai te taʼu 300 I.M.T.S., neʼe mulimuli leva ia te lotu Fakasutea ki te agaʼi fenua ʼa te kau Keleka, ʼaē neʼe kau kiai te fakamālaloʼi ʼo te hahaʼi fafine.—Vakaʼi te fakamatala ʼaē ʼe ʼātakai “Te Fehiʼaʼinaʼi ʼo Te Hahaʼi Fafine ʼi Te ʼu Tohi ʼĀfea.”
Ohagē lā ko te tagata faituketuke Keleka ko Hesiod (ʼaē neʼe maʼuli ʼi te ʼu taʼu 700 I.M.T.S.), neʼe ina ʼui ʼe tupu te ʼu fihifihia ʼo te mālamanei ko te hahaʼi fafine. Iā teitei taʼu e 100 ʼi muʼa ʼo te temi ʼo Sesu, neʼe kamata ai te logona ʼo te manatu ʼaia ʼi te lotu Fakasutea. ʼI te tohi lotu (Talmud) ʼaē neʼe tohi hili teitei taʼu e 100 ki te temi ʼo Sesu, neʼe fai ai te fakatokaga ʼaenī ki te hahaʼi tagata: “ ʼAua takotou palalau fau mo te hahaʼi fafine heʼe mahino ia ʼe taki ai anai koutou ki he aga heʼeʼaoga.”
Lolotoga ni taʼu e lauʼi teau, ko te ʼu manatu mahalohalo ʼaia ʼo ʼuhiga mo te hahaʼi fafine, neʼe malave ʼaupitō ia ki tonatou tuʼulaga ʼi te maʼuli Fakasutea. ʼI te temi ʼo Sesu, ko tanatou hū ʼaē ki te fale lotu neʼe kua fakatuʼakoi pē ki te Malaʼe ʼa Te Kau Fafine. Neʼe fakagafua pē te ako fakalotu ki te hahaʼi tagata, pea lagi neʼe tahi nofo te hahaʼi fafine mo te hahaʼi tagata ʼi te sinakoka. Ko te tohi lotu (Talmud) ʼe talanoa ki te tagata faiako Sutea neʼe ina ʼui ʼe kovi te akoʼi e he tahi ia te Torah, [te Lao] ki ʼona ʼofafine. ʼAki te fulihi ʼaia e te kau takitaki lotu te manatu ʼa te ʼAtua, neʼe liliu ai te hahaʼi tagata ʼo meʼa noaʼi te hahaʼi fafine.
ʼI te maʼuli ʼaē ʼa Sesu ʼi te kele, neʼe ina tokagaʼi te ʼu fakapalatahi ʼaia, ʼaē neʼe kua tauʼaka ʼi te ʼu talatisio. (Mateo 15:6, 9; 26:7-11) Neʼe mulimuli koa ia Sesu ki te ʼu faʼahiga manatu ʼaia ʼi ʼana felōgoi mo te hahaʼi fafine? Koteā koa ʼaē ʼe feala ke tou ako mai tana aga pea mo tana faʼahiga manatu? ʼE fakalotofīmālieʼi koa e te lotu Fakakilisitiano moʼoni ia te hahaʼi fafine? Ko te ʼalatike ʼaē kā hoa mai ʼe tali anai ki te ʼu fehuʼi ʼaia.
[ʼU nota]
^ Ko te ʼu mataʼi tohi ʼaenī I.M.T.S. ko tona fakaʼuhiga: ʼI Muʼa ʼo te Temi ʼo Sesu.
^ Ko te ʼu mataʼi tohi ʼaenī H.T.S. ko tona fakaʼuhiga: Hili te Temi ʼo Sesu.
[Talanoa ʼo te pāsina 7]
Te Fehiʼaʼinaʼi ʼo Te Hahaʼi Fafine ʼi Te ʼu Tohi ʼĀfea
Talu mai te kamataʼaga ʼo te temi ʼo Sesu, ko te ʼu tagata faitohi ohagē ko Philon mai Alexandrie, neʼe natou kamata fakaʼaogaʼi te filosofia Fakakeleka moʼo fai he tahi age fakamahino ʼo te fakamatala ʼo Senesi. ʼI tana ia manatu, neʼe fai e Eva ni felāveʼi fakasino heʼeʼaoga pea koia ʼaē “neʼe toʼo ai tana ʼāteaina ʼo pōpula ai ki tona ʼohoana.” Ko te taʼi meʼa noaʼi ʼaia ʼo te hahaʼi fafine neʼe hū ki te lotu Fakasutea, pea ki te ʼu tohi ʼa te ʼu Tamai ʼo te ’Ēkelesia.
ʼI te koga tohi Fakasutea (Midrash Rabba) ʼaē neʼe tohi hili taʼu e 100 ki te temi ʼo Sesu, neʼe fakamahino e te tagata faiako Sutea pe koʼē ʼi tana manatu ʼe tonu ki te hahaʼi fafine ke natou pūlou, ʼo ina ʼui fēnei: “ ʼE hagē ia ko he tahi neʼe ina fai he agahala pea ʼe ufiufi ki te hahaʼi.” Ko te tagata teolosia ko Tertullien, ʼaē neʼe maʼuhiga ʼana tohi ʼi te ʼu taʼu pē ʼaia, neʼe ina akoʼi ko te hahaʼi fafine neʼe tonu ke natou hagē ko “Eva ʼaē ʼe tagi mo fakahemala.” Ko te ʼu taʼi akonaki ʼaia, ʼaē neʼe ʼui tuʼumaʼu ʼe haʼu ia mai te Tohi-Tapu, neʼe lagolago mālohi ki te fehiʼaʼinaʼi ʼo te hahaʼi fafine.
[Paki ʼo te pāsina 5]
Neʼe fakatupu ia Eva ko he tokoni ke tatau mo Atama
[Paki ʼo te pāsina 6]
ʼI te Iselaele ʼo te temi muʼa, neʼe maʼu e te hahaʼi fafine tanatou kiʼi matani gāue