Ndi Ama Ọfiọk?

Ke ẹsiode wine ẹfep, nso idi n̄kpọsọn̄ mmịn en̄wen emi ẹkesinamde ke eyo Bible?

▪ Ẹsiwak ndisiak “wine ye mmịn” ọtọkiet ke Bible. (Deuteronomy 29:6; Luke 1:15) Owo ikpadaha ke “mmịn” oro ẹtịn̄de ẹban̄a mi esịne mbon oro ẹtemde-tem, sia ẹkedi ẹdifiọk nditetem mmịn ke ediwak isua ikie ẹma ẹkebe. Idịghe utọ mfri nte grape, date, fig, apple, ye pomegranate kpọt ke ẹkesida ẹnam mmịn, edi ẹma ẹsida aran ọkwọk n̄ko ẹnam.

Ke nditịm ntịn̄, ikọ oro “mmịn” ekeme n̄ko ndiwọrọ beer. Ikọ Hebrew oro ẹkabarede “mmịn” oto ikọ Akkadian emi ekemede ndiwọrọ ọsọ beer Mesopotamia oro ẹdade barley ẹnam. Mmịn oro ikesinamke owo ibọhọke ẹn̄wọn̄ ẹbe ubọk. (Mme N̄ke 20:1) Ẹkụt mme mbiet n̄kpọ unam mmịn oro ẹdade ntan ẹbot ye mme ndise mme anam mmịn ke mme udi eset ke Egypt. Ẹkesin̄wọn̄ beer kpukpru usen ke Babylon, edide ke mme ufọkubọn̄ m̀mê ke mme ufọk ubuene. Mme Philistine ẹma ẹsin̄wọn̄ beer n̄ko. Mme ọdọkisọn̄ nyom n̄kpọeset ẹmebụhọde otu emi enyenede udụhọde n̄kpọ ke ofụri Palestine. Ẹkesida enye ẹdụhọde beer mbak owo edimen ikpọk barley emi ẹkedade ẹnam mmịn oro.

Ntak emi isan̄ mmọn̄ ekedide edue-ukot akpa-itọn̄ ndusụk ini ke eyo apostle Paul?

▪ Ke ntak oyobio, ubom oro apostle Paul okodụkde ama abiat ekese ini odomo ndisan̄a ke mbenesụk Asia Minor n̄ka edem usoputịn. Bible ọdọhọ ke enyene ebiet emi “ndiwat uwat [akakamade] n̄kpọndịk koro utreudia usen usio-isop ama ekebebe.” Paul ama asian mme akaisan̄ eken ke ubom oro ete ke edieke ẹdomode ndika iso ke uwat oro ke ntakurua oro mmimọ idisobode ididịghe “mbiomo ye ubom kpọt edi n̄ko ye ukpọn̄ [mmimọ].”—Utom 27:4-10.

Utreudia Usen Usio-Isop ekesiduọ ke utịt utịt September m̀mê ntọn̄ọ ntọn̄ọ October. Mbon Rome oro ẹkedide mme awatinyan̄ ẹma ẹfiọk ke uwat ekesinem ke May 27 esịm September 14. Ọtọn̄ọde ke September 14 esịm November 11, uwat ekesidi edue-ukot akpa-itọn̄, ndien ọtọn̄ọde ke November 11 esịm March 10, inyan̄ ekedi aka-nso-do? Nte se ikọwọrọde Paul nte ini akakade owụtde, ntak kiet ekedi sia idaha eyo ama esiwak ndikpụhọde. (Utom 27:13-44) Mme awatinyan̄ ẹma ẹsisobo ọkpọsọn̄ oyobio, uwat onyụn̄ enen̄ede ọsọn̄. Ntọn̄enyọn̄ ama esifụk utịn ke uwemeyo onyụn̄ ofụk ntantaọfiọn̄ ke okoneyo. Ntụhube ye edịm n̄ko ikesiyakke ẹkụt usụn̄ ye mme n̄kpọ afanikọn̄.

[Ndise ke page 23]

Mbiet ekpeme beer Egypt oro ẹdade eto ẹnam

[Ebiet ẹdade n̄kpọ ẹto]

Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY

[Ndise ke page 23]

Nsụn̄ikan̄ mbiomo rome, n̄kpọ nte isua 100-200 E.N.

[Ebiet ẹdade n̄kpọ ẹto]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est