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本專欄列出權威醫學期刊中經過同行評議（同儕審查）的文章，提供的證據支持各種醫療情況下避免異體輸血的臨床策略的使用。
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術前病人評估和輸血風險評估
Transfusion and coagulation management in liver transplantation.
The beneficial effects of minimizing blood loss in pancreatoduodenectomy.
術前計劃和病人醫療照護最適化
Short-term preoperative diet decreases bleeding after partial hepatectomy: results from a multi-institutional randomized controlled trial.
Recommendations from the international consensus conference on anemia management in surgical patients (ICCAMS).
多面向治療技術，多專科科際合作及個人化的醫療處置
Multimodal patient blood management program based on a three-pillar strategy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Liver transplantation in a Jehovah's Witness with ankylosing spondylitis.
Liver transplantation in Jehovah's Witnesses: 13 consecutive cases at a single institution.
Pancreatic resections in patients who refuse blood transfusions. The application of a perioperative protocol for a true bloodless surgery.
Patient blood management: a patient-orientated approach to blood replacement with the goal of reducing anemia, blood loss and the need for blood transfusion in elective surgery.
Bloodless surgery in geriatric surgery.
Transfusion-free strategies in liver and pancreatic surgery: a predictive model of blood conservation for transfusion avoidance in mainstream populations.
The theory and practice of bloodless surgery.
Obiettivi di un programma di chirurgia senza sangue. Studio comparativo (chirurgia maggiore vs chirurgia minore-media) su 51 pazienti testimoni di Geova. [Objectives of a bloodless surgery program. A comparative study (major surgery vs. minor-medium surgery) in 51 Jehovah's Witnesses patients.] [Italian, English abstract]
Strategies to minimize intraoperative blood loss during major surgery.
Blood-management programs: a clinical and administrative model with program implementation strategies.
術前貧血之處置和提升紅血球質量
The role of intravenous iron in anemia management and transfusion avoidance.
Impact of preoperative erythropoietin on allogeneic blood transfusions in surgical patients: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Liver transplantation in Jehovah's Witnesses: 13 consecutive cases at a single institution.
The important role for intravenous iron in perioperative patient blood management in major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
Identification and management of preoperative anaemia in adults: a British Society for Haematology Guideline update.
Efficacy and safety of erythropoietin and intravenous iron in perioperative blood management: a systematic review.
Penny-wise and pound-foolish: the challenges of preoperative anaemia management.
Recommendations from the international consensus conference on anemia management in surgical patients (ICCAMS).
Expert consensus guidelines: intravenous iron uses, formulations, administration, and management of reactions.
Blood conservation in pediatric anesthesia.
血小板低下之處置
Eltrombopag before procedures in patients with cirrhosis and thrombocytopenia.
Preoperative use of romiplostim in thrombocytopenic patients with chronic hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis.
抗凝血之處置和抗凝逆轉
Emergency reversal of anticoagulation: from theory to real use of prothrombin complex concentrates. A retrospective Italian experience.
Perioperative management of antithrombotic therapy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.
Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate versus plasma for rapid vitamin K antagonist reversal in patients needing urgent surgical or invasive interventions: a phase 3b, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial.
Long-term safety and efficacy of a pasteurized nanofiltrated prothrombin complex concentrate (Beriplex P/N): a pharmacovigilance study.
Emergency reversal of warfarin anticoagulation.
Recent advances in the development of specific antidotes for target-specific oral anticoagulants.
Idarucizumab for dabigatran reversal - full cohort analysis.
Oral anticoagulation in surgical procedures: risks and recommendations.
手術時血液保存技術
The theory and practice of bloodless surgery.
有效止血方法
Tranexamic acid demonstrates efficacy without increased risk for venous thromboembolic events in cranial neurosurgery: systematic review of the evidence and current applications in nontraumatic pathologies.
Fibrinogen replacement therapy: a critical review of the literature.
Anti-fibrinolytic use for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion.
Effect of tranexamic acid on surgical bleeding: systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis.
Systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of tranexamic acid on surgical blood loss.
Management of severe perioperative bleeding: Guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology.
Fibrinogen as a therapeutic target for bleeding: a review of critical levels and replacement therapy.
Recombinant factor VIIa as last-resort treatment of desperate haemorrhage.
Association of intravenous tranexamic acid with thromboembolic events and mortality: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.
抗纖維蛋白溶解劑
重組活化第七凝血因子（rFVIIa）
凝血因子濃縮製劑
利用黏彈試驗辨別外科性失血或凝血功能病變性出失血
體溫監控（預防低溫症）
Consequences of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia.
Comparison of resistive heating and forced-air warming to prevent inadvertent perioperative hypothermia.
Effectiveness of strategies for the management and/or prevention of hypothermia within the adult perioperative environment.
The effects of mild perioperative hypothermia on blood loss and transfusion requirement.
A systematic review of intraoperative warming to prevent postoperative complications.
Intraoperative core temperature patterns, transfusion requirement, and hospital duration in patients warmed with forced air.
Randomized clinical trial of perioperative systemic warming in major elective abdominal surgery.
審慎輸液給予處置
Perioperative fluid management strategies in major surgery: a stratified meta-analysis.
Major hepatectomy in children: approaching blood transfusion-free.
Restrictive strategy of intraoperative fluid maintenance during optimization of oxygen delivery decreases major complications after high-risk surgery.
Choice of fluid in acute illness: what should be given? An international consensus.
Impact of goal-directed perioperative fluid management in high-risk surgical procedures: a literature review.
Safety of modern starches used during surgery.
手術中自體血液的使用
Does autologous blood transfusion during liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma increase risk of recurrence?
Cell salvage as part of a blood conservation strategy in anaesthesia.
Phase II comparison study of intraoperative autotransfusion for major oncologic procedures.
Very low rate of patient-related adverse events associated with the use of intraoperative cell salvage.
Intra-operative cell salvage: a fresh look at the indications and contraindications.
Safety of the use of blood salvage and autotransfusion during liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Blood salvage and autotransfusion during orthotopic liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
A case of thoracic esophageal cancer undergone esophagectomy after induction chemotherapy in a Jehovah's Witness.
A prospective randomized trial of acute normovolemic hemodilution compared to standard intraoperative management in patients undergoing major hepatic resection.
Association of Anaesthetists guidelines: cell salvage for peri-operative blood conservation 2018.
Transfusion-free strategies in liver and pancreatic surgery: a predictive model of blood conservation for transfusion avoidance in mainstream populations.
Use of intraoperative cell-salvage for autologous blood transfusions in metastatic spine tumour surgery: a systematic review.
Metastatic efficiency of tumour cells can be impaired by intraoperative cell salvage process: truth or conjecture?
A prospective randomized study comparing two techniques of perioperative blood conservation: isovolemic hemodilution and hypervolemic hemodilution.
Blood transfusion risks and alternative strategies in pediatric patients.
Acute normovolemic hemodilution.
Is cell salvage safe in liver resection? A pilot study.
Acute normovolemic hemodilution.
Should intraoperative cell-salvaged blood be used in patients with suspected or known malignancy?
Blood salvage and cancer surgery: a meta-analysis of available studies.
血液回收 (Blood Cell Salvage)
急性等容血液稀釋
麻醉和血液保存技術
Controlled hypotension: a guide to drug choice.
Influence of controlled hypotension versus normotension on amount of blood loss during breast reduction.
Does neuraxial anesthesia reduce intraoperative blood loss? A meta-analysis.
Reduction of postoperative mortality and morbidity with epidural or spinal anaesthesia: results from overview of randomised trials.
控制維持低血壓
局部麻醉
診斷時避免放血防止醫原性貧血
Savoring every drop—vampire or mosquito?
Surgical vampires and rising health care expenditure: reducing the cost of daily phlebotomy.
術後貧血處置
Recombinant human erythropoietin therapy in critically ill Jehovah's Witnesses.
Severe acute anemia after liver transplantation in an elderly Jehovah's Witness treated with high-dose erythropoietin and ferric carboxymaltose: a case report.
Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus standard care in the management of postoperative anaemia: a prospective, open-label, randomised controlled trial.
How do we treat life-threatening anemia in a Jehovah's Witness patient?
Transfusion-free management of gastrointestinal bleeding: the experience of a Bloodless Institute.
病人對貧血的耐受能力最適化
The influence of volume management on outcome.
Prophylactic hypothermia and neuromuscular blockade to limit myocardial oxygen demand in a critically anemic Jehovah's Witness after emergency surgery.
Pillar III—optimisation of anaemia tolerance.
正球性貧血的耐受性
Patient blood management: a patient-orientated approach to blood replacement with the goal of reducing anemia, blood loss and the need for blood transfusion in elective surgery.
Restrictive blood transfusion practices are associated with improved patient outcomes.
A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care.
Restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategy for red blood cell transfusion: systematic review of randomised trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.
Anemia and perioperative red blood cell transfusion: a matter of tolerance.
Pillar III—optimisation of anaemia tolerance.
Trends in red blood cell transfusion and 30-day mortality among hospitalized patients.
Impact of more restrictive blood transfusion strategies on clinical outcomes: a meta-analysis and systematic review.
大量出血之副作用
The beneficial effects of minimizing blood loss in pancreatoduodenectomy.
輸血風險和考量
Blood transfusion and cancer surgery outcomes: a continued reason for concern.
Surgical outcomes and transfusion of minimal amounts of blood in the operating room.
Adverse blood transfusion outcomes: establishing causation.
Efficacy of red blood cell transfusion in the critically ill: a systematic review of the literature.
Survival rate changes with transfusion of blood products during liver transplantation.
臨床療效
Peri-operative blood transfusion increases length of hospital stay and number of postoperative complications in non-cardiac surgical patients.
Association between the use of blood components and the five-year mortality after liver transplant. [Associação entre Uso de Hemocomponentes e Mortalidade em Cinco Anos após Transplante Hepático.] [English, Portuguese]
Risk-adjusted clinical outcomes in patients enrolled in a bloodless program.
The important role for intravenous iron in perioperative patient blood management in major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
Association between intraoperative blood transfusion and mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
Restrictive blood transfusion practices are associated with improved patient outcomes.
Intraoperative cardiac arrests in adults undergoing noncardiac surgery: incidence, risk factors, and survival outcome.
Review article: Risks of anemia and related management strategies: can perioperative blood management improve patient safety?
Trends in red blood cell transfusion and 30-day mortality among hospitalized patients.
Impact of more restrictive blood transfusion strategies on clinical outcomes: a meta-analysis and systematic review.
Blood-management programs: a clinical and administrative model with program implementation strategies.
Implementation of a comprehensive patient blood management program for hospitalized patients at a large united states medical center.
Safety and efficacy of methods for reducing perioperative allogeneic transfusion: a critical review of the literature.
經濟效益
Cost-effectiveness of cell salvage and alternative methods of minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion: a systematic review and economic model.
Estimating the epidemiological and economic impact of implementing preoperative anaemia measures in the German healthcare system: the health economic footprint of patient blood management.
Greater than sevenfold return on investment for a comprehensive patient blood management program with equivalent or improved outcomes.
Risk-adjusted clinical outcomes in patients enrolled in a bloodless program.
Economic considerations on transfusion medicine and patient blood management.
From blood transfusion to patient blood management: a new paradigm for patient care and cost assessment of blood transfusion practice.
Safety, cost savings, simplicity back broader use of bloodless surgery.
Associations between preoperative anaemia and hospital costs following major abdominal surgery: cohort study.
A prospective study investigating the cost effectiveness of intraoperative blood salvage during liver transplantation.
Effective reduction of blood product use in a community teaching hospital: when less is more.
Prospective monitoring of plasma and platelet transfusions in a large teaching hospital results in significant cost reduction.
Activity-based costs of blood transfusions in surgical patients at four hospitals.
Intra-operative cell salvage in South Africa: feasible, beneficial and economical.
Randomized trial comparing packed red cell blood transfusion with and without leukocyte depletion for gastrointestinal surgery.
Implementation of a comprehensive patient blood management program for hospitalized patients at a large united states medical center.
The volume of returned red blood cells in a large blood salvage program: where does it all go?
An economic analysis of costs associated with development of a cell salvage program.
多面向治療技術，多專科科際合作及個人化的醫療處置
Strategies to prevent blood loss and reduce transfusion in emergency general surgery, WSES-AAST consensus paper.
Care of the injured Jehovah's Witness patient: case report and review of the literature.
Trauma surgery.
Traumatically injured Jehovah's Witnesses: a sixteen-year experience of treatment and transfusion dilemmas at a level I trauma center.
Emergency subtotal colectomy in a Jehovah's Witness with massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding: challenges encountered and lessons learned.
Clinical strategies in the medical care of Jehovah's Witnesses.
Reducing blood loss in a burn care unit: a review of its key determinants.
Jehovah's Witnesses: unique problems in a unique trauma population.
到院前
Guidelines for prehospital fluid resuscitation in the injured patient.
Pre-hospital haemostatic dressings: a systematic review.
Prehospital intravenous fluid administration is associated with higher mortality in trauma patients: a National Trauma Data Bank analysis.
Does increased prehospital replacement volume lead to a poor clinical course and an increased mortality? A matched-pair analysis of 1896 patients of the Trauma Registry of the German Society for Trauma Surgery who were managed by an emergency doctor at the accident site.
Tourniquet use in the civilian prehospital setting.
Early prehospital tranexamic acid following injury is associated with a 30-day survival benefit: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
Prehospital tranexamic acid is associated with a survival benefit without an increase in complications: results of two harmonized randomized clinical trials.
Scoop and run to the trauma center or stay and play at the local hospital: hospital transfer's effect on mortality.
Prehospital tranexamic acid for severe trauma.
Is advanced life support better than basic life support in prehospital care? A systematic review.
Prehospital interventions for penetrating trauma victims: a prospective comparison between Advanced Life Support and Basic Life Support.
Effect of low-dose supplementation of arginine vasopressin on need for blood product transfusions in patients with trauma and hemorrhagic shock: a randomized clinical trial.
A balanced approach to tourniquet use: lessons learned and relearned.
積極失血控制
休克之處置
迅速送至醫院
抗凝血之處置和抗凝逆轉
Strategies to prevent blood loss and reduce transfusion in emergency general surgery, WSES-AAST consensus paper.
Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate versus plasma for rapid vitamin K antagonist reversal in patients needing urgent surgical or invasive interventions: a phase 3b, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial.
Guidance on the emergent reversal of oral thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors.
Bleeding risk and reversal strategies for old and new anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents.
Emergency reversal of warfarin anticoagulation.
Management of anticoagulation agents in trauma patients.
Idarucizumab for dabigatran reversal - full cohort analysis.
Reversal of clopidogrel-induced bleeding with rFVIIa in healthy subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, exploratory study.
Rapid warfarin reversal in the setting of intracranial hemorrhage: a comparison of plasma, recombinant activated factor VII, and prothrombin complex concentrate.
儘快使用動脈栓塞或機械性血管閉塞方式
Selective angiographic embolization of blunt splenic traumatic injuries in adults decreases failure rate of nonoperative management.
Traumatic injuries: radiological hemostatic intervention at admission.
Management options for gastric variceal hemorrhage.
診斷時避免放血防止醫原性貧血
Phlebotomy in the intensive care unit: strategies for blood conservation.
The increasing burden of phlebotomy in the development of anaemia and need for blood transfusion amongst trauma patients.
有效止血方法
Efficacy of recombinant activated Factor VII in patients with massive uncontrolled bleeding: a retrospective observational analysis.
The treatment of bleeding is to stop the bleeding! Treatment of trauma-related hemorrhage.
Successful rotational thromboelastometry-guided treatment of traumatic haemorrhage, hyperfibrinolysis and coagulopathy.
Strategies to prevent blood loss and reduce transfusion in emergency general surgery, WSES-AAST consensus paper.
Effects of tranexamic acid on death, disability, vascular occlusive events and other morbidities in patients with acute traumatic brain injury (CRASH-3): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
Alternatives to allogeneic platelet transfusion.
Desmopressin is a transfusion sparing option to reverse platelet dysfunction in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
Effect of treatment delay on the effectiveness and safety of antifibrinolytics in acute severe haemorrhage: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data from 40 138 bleeding patients.
The exclusive use of coagulation factor concentrates enables reversal of coagulopathy and decreases transfusion rates in patients with major blunt trauma.
Antifibrinolytic drugs for acute traumatic injury.
Association of cryoprecipitate and tranexamic acid with improved survival following wartime injury: findings from the MATTERs II Study.
The importance of early treatment with tranexamic acid in bleeding trauma patients: an exploratory analysis of the CRASH-2 randomised controlled trial.
Use of rotation thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to achieve successful treatment of polytrauma with fibrinogen concentrate and prothrombin complex concentrate.
Topical tranexamic acid compared with anterior nasal packing for treatment of epistaxis in patients taking antiplatelet drugs: randomized controlled trial.
抗纖維蛋白溶解劑
重組活化第七凝血因子（rFVIIa）
凝血因子濃縮製劑
迷你寧（去氨加壓素）（DDAVP）
利用黏彈試驗辨別外科性失血或凝血功能病變性出失血
體溫監控（預防低溫症）
Strategies to prevent blood loss and reduce transfusion in emergency general surgery, WSES-AAST consensus paper.
The effects of mild perioperative hypothermia on blood loss and transfusion requirement.
The effects of intraoperative hypothermia on surgical site infection: an analysis of 524 trauma laparotomies.
Randomized clinical trial of perioperative systemic warming in major elective abdominal surgery.
提高氧氣輸送效能
The influence of volume management on outcome.
Optimization of tissue oxygenation in critically ill Jehovah's Witness patients.
Severe blood loss anemia in a Jehovah's Witness treated with adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
低血壓復甦 (Hypotensive Resuscitation)
Damage control resuscitation is associated with a reduction in resuscitation volumes and improvement in survival in 390 damage control laparotomy patients.
Hypotensive resuscitation during active hemorrhage: impact on in-hospital mortality.
Resuscitation with hydroxyethyl starch improves renal function and lactate clearance in penetrating trauma in a randomized controlled study: the FIRST trial (Fluids in Resuscitation of Severe Trauma).
Hypotensive resuscitation strategy reduces transfusion requirements and severe postoperative coagulopathy in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock: preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial.
Zeugen Jehovas und Schwerverletzung mit drohender Hämorrhagie. Wie komplex ist die Behandlung? [Jehovah's Witnesses and severe injury with impending hemorrhaging: how complex is the treatment?] [German, English abstract]
傷害控制策略
Strategies to prevent blood loss and reduce transfusion in emergency general surgery, WSES-AAST consensus paper.
Preperitonal pelvic packing for hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures: a paradigm shift.
Damage control orthopaedics: lessons learned.
Safety and efficacy of the electrothermal bipolar vessel sealer in trauma.
Damage control surgery of the critical Jehovah's Witness patient - a narrative review.
Damage control surgery.
Pelvic packing or angiography: competitive or complementary?
Safety and efficacy of damage control external fixation versus early definitive stabilization for femoral shaft fractures in the multiple-injured patient.
血液回收 (Blood Cell Salvage)
Intraoperative blood salvage in penetrating abdominal trauma: a randomised, controlled trial.
Autologous blood transfusion during emergency trauma operations.
Strategies to prevent blood loss and reduce transfusion in emergency general surgery, WSES-AAST consensus paper.
Does autotransfusion from a contaminated trauma laparotomy field increase the risk of complications?
早期貧血處置
Recombinant human erythropoietin therapy in critically ill Jehovah's Witnesses.
Recombinant human erythropoietin in severe anaemia: issues of dosing and duration.
Thalidomide for recurrent bleeding due to small-intestinal angiodysplasia.
Bloodless management of the anemic patient in the emergency department.
Improved survival of critically ill trauma patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin.
Erythropoiesis in multiply injured patients.
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent administration and survival after severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective study.
Zeugen Jehovas und Schwerverletzung mit drohender Hämorrhagie. Wie komplex ist die Behandlung? [Jehovah's Witnesses and severe injury with impending hemorrhaging: how complex is the treatment?] [German, English abstract]
正球性貧血的耐受性
A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care.
Anemia and perioperative red blood cell transfusion: a matter of tolerance.
Is a restrictive transfusion strategy safe for resuscitated and critically ill trauma patients?
Effect of a liberal versus restrictive transfusion strategy on mortality in patients with moderate to severe head injury.
Restrictive versus liberal blood transfusion for gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Transfusion strategies for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
臨床療效
Association of blood transfusion with increased mortality in myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis and diversity-adjusted study sequential analysis.
Allogenic blood transfusion in the first 24 hours after trauma is associated with increased systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and death.
Allogeneic blood transfusion increases the risk of postoperative bacterial infection: a meta-analysis.
Improved outcomes and reduced costs associated with a health-system-wide patient blood management program: a retrospective observational study in four major adult tertiary-care hospitals.
Anemia and perioperative red blood cell transfusion: a matter of tolerance.
Red blood cell transfusions worsen the outcomes even in critically ill patients undergoing a restrictive transfusion strategy.
The risk of death for Jehovah's Witnesses after major trauma.
Anemia and blood transfusion in critically ill patients.
經濟效益
Impact of a patient blood management monitoring and feedback programme on allogeneic blood transfusions and related costs.
術前計劃和病人醫療照護最適化
Preparing a Jehovah's Witness for major elective surgery.
Preoperative evaluation of the adult patient undergoing non-cardiac surgery: guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology.
Avoiding blood transfusion in surgical patients (including Jehovah's Witnesses).
Patient blood management is key before elective surgery.
Bloodless medicine: clinical care without allogeneic blood transfusion.
Blood transfusion and orthognathic surgery--a thing of the past?
The effect of preoperative recombinant erythropoietin on postoperative hematocrit level after orthognathic surgery.
多面向治療技術，多專科科際合作及個人化的醫療處置
No increased bleeding risk for oral surgery in patients with severe congenital bleeding disorders due to intense perioperative management.
Case report: The management of advanced oral cancer in a Jehovah's Witness using the Ultracision Harmonic Scalpel.
Blood transfusion and orthognathic surgery--a thing of the past?
The use of erythropoietin in a patient having major oral and maxillofacial surgery and refusing blood transfusion.
Multimodal strategy for reduction of homologous transfusions in cranio-maxillofacial surgery.
Treatment of individuals who cannot receive blood products for religious or other reasons.
抗凝血之處置和抗凝逆轉
Risk of bleeding after dentoalveolar surgery in patients taking anticoagulants.
Bleeding risk and reversal strategies for old and new anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents.
Emergency reversal of warfarin anticoagulation.
Effect of non-specific reversal agents on anticoagulant activity of dabigatran and rivaroxaban: a randomised crossover ex vivo study in healthy volunteers.
Reversal of clopidogrel-induced bleeding with rFVIIa in healthy subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, exploratory study.
血管攝影及栓塞術或血流阻斷
Transarterial embolization of the external carotid artery in the treatment of life-threatening haemorrhage following blunt maxillofacial trauma.
Transarterial embolization in the management of life-threatening hemorrhage after maxillofacial trauma: a case report and review of literature.
Endovascular preoperative embolization for temporomandibular joint replacement surgery.
有效止血方法
The effect of tranexamic acid on blood loss during orthognathic surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
The effect of nasal application of cocaine/adrenaline on blood loss in Le Fort I osteotomies.
Effect of tranexamic acid irrigation on perioperative blood loss during orthognathic surgery: a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial.
Clinical applications of fibrin sealants.
Surgical removal of intra- and extraoral cavernous lymphangiomas using intraoperative-assisted intralesional fibrin glue injections.
Hemostasis of oral surgery wounds with the HemCon Dental Dressing.
The efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in cranio-maxillofacial and plastic surgery.
Prevention of bleeding in orthognathic surgery--a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Evaluation of the efficacy of tranexamic acid on blood loss in orthognathic surgery. A prospective, randomized clinical study.
Tranexamic acid is associated with improved operative field in orthognathic surgery.
Effectiveness of intravenous haemocoagulase on haemorrhage control in bi-maxillary orthognathic surgery-a prospective, randomised, controlled, double-blind study.
The role of antifibrinolytics in reducing blood loss during craniofacial or orthognathic surgical procedures: a meta-analysis.
Aprotinin reduces blood loss and the need for transfusion in orthognathic surgery.
Topical hemostatic agents: what the oral and maxillofacial surgeon needs to know.
Evaluation of hemorrhage depressors on blood loss during orthognathic surgery: a retrospective study.
抗纖維蛋白溶解劑
迷你寧（去氨加壓素）（DDAVP）
其他製劑
局部止血劑
手術中自體血液的使用
Effects of standardized acute normovolemic hemodilution on intraoperative allogeneic blood transfusion in patients undergoing major maxillofacial surgery.
Intraoperative red cell salvage in head and neck surgery.
Acute perioperative normovolaemic haemodilution in major maxillofacial surgery.
血液回收 (Blood Cell Salvage)
急性等容血液稀釋
麻醉和血液保存技術
Orthognathic surgery with or without induced hypotension.
Effect of induced hypotensive anaesthesia vs isovolaemic haemodilution on blood loss and transfusion requirements in orthognathic surgery: a prospective, single-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical study.
Effects of hypotensive anesthesia on reducing intraoperative blood loss, duration of operation, and quality of surgical field during orthognathic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Hypotensive anaesthesia and blood loss in orthognathic surgery: a clinical study.
Induced hypotensive anesthesia for adolescent orthognathic surgery patients.
Anesthetic considerations for orthognathic surgery with evaluation of difficult intubation and technique for hypotensive anesthesia.
High Le Fort I and bilateral split sagittal osteotomy in Crouzon syndrome.
Comparative evaluation of hypotensive and normotensive anesthesia on Lefort I osteotomies: a randomized, double-blind, prospective clinical study.
控制維持低血壓
術後貧血處置
Recombinant human erythropoietin in severe anaemia: issues of dosing and duration.
Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus standard care in the management of postoperative anaemia: a prospective, open-label, randomised controlled trial.
病人對貧血的耐受能力最適化
Anemia and perioperative red blood cell transfusion: a matter of tolerance.
Recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of head and neck tumour anaemia.
Effect of transfusion guidelines on postoperative transfusion in children undergoing craniofacial reconstruction surgery.
臨床療效
Multimodal patient blood management program based on a three-pillar strategy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
經濟效益
Effects of standardized acute normovolemic hemodilution on intraoperative allogeneic blood transfusion in patients undergoing major maxillofacial surgery.
Patient blood management is associated with a substantial reduction of red blood cell utilization and safe for patient's outcome: a prospective, multicenter cohort study with a noninferiority design.
Acute perioperative normovolaemic haemodilution in major maxillofacial surgery.
Impact of bleeding-related complications and/or blood product transfusions on hospital costs in inpatient surgical patients.
產前評估、入院前準備、臨床經驗
Committee opinion no. 590: Preparing for clinical emergencies in obstetrics and gynecology.
Preparedness for postpartum hemorrhage: an obstetric hemorrhage equipment tray.
Women who decline blood during labour: Review of findings and lessons learnt from 52 years of Confidential Enquiries into maternal mortality in the United Kingdom (1962-2019).
Prenatal identification of invasive placentation using ultrasound: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Clinical validation of risk stratification criteria for peripartum hemorrhage.
Jehovah's Witnesses and those who refuse blood transfusion.
Optimizing outcomes through protocols, multidisciplinary drills, and simulation.
Guidelines for the management of vasa previa.
Preventing deaths due to haemorrhage.
Incidence, indications, and predictors of adverse outcomes of postpartum hysterectomies: 20-year experience in a tertiary care centre.
Frequency of inherited bleeding disorders in women with menorrhagia.
Managing the ten most common life-threatening scenarios associated with postpartum hemorrhage.
Evaluation of risk-assessment tools for severe postpartum hemorrhage in women undergoing cesarean delivery.
Active management of the third stage of labour: prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.
Response times for emergency cesarean delivery: use of simulation drills to assess and improve obstetric team performance.
Blood-conservation strategies in a blood-refusal parturient with placenta previa and placenta percreta.
Optimization of competency in obstetrical emergencies: a role for simulation training.
Bloodless management of postpartum hemorrhage and Jehovah's Witnesses.
Prise en charge de l'hémorragie post-partum sans transfusions sanguines chez les Témoins de Jéhovah. [Bloodless management of postpartum hemorrhage and Jehovah's Witnesses.] [English, French]
Predelivery maternal fibrinogen as a predictor of blood loss after vaginal delivery.
Better planning could have saved life of woman who refused transfusion, MD says.
Didactic and simulation nontechnical skills team training to improve perinatal patient outcomes in a community hospital.
Successful reduction of massive postpartum haemorrhage by use of guidelines and staff education.
Emergency postpartum hysterectomy for uncontrolled postpartum bleeding: a systematic review.
Surgical intervention in the management of postpartum hemorrhage.
Comprehensive maternal hemorrhage protocols reduce the use of blood products and improve patient safety.
Improving hospital systems for the care of women with major obstetric hemorrhage.
The treatment of obstetric haemorrhage in women who refuse blood transfusion.
Antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta leads to reduced blood loss.
Risk factors for uterine atony/postpartum hemorrhage requiring treatment after vaginal delivery.
多模式、跨學科、計劃性和個人化的治療策略
Evaluation and management of postpartum hemorrhage: consensus from an international expert panel.
ACOG Practice Bulletin: Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists Number 76, October 2006: postpartum hemorrhage.
Uses and misuse of blood transfusion in obstetrics in Lagos, Nigeria.
Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 23-2011. A 40-year-old pregnant woman with placenta accreta who declined blood products.
Surgical management of severe obstetric hemorrhage: experience with an obstetric hemorrhage equipment tray.
Management of massive bleeding in a Jehovah's Witness obstetric patient: the overwhelming importance of a pre-established multidisciplinary protocol.
Massive obstetric hemorrhage in a Jehovah's Witness: intraoperative strategies and high-dose erythropoietin use.
Minimizing blood loss at cesarean-hysterectomy for placenta previa percreta.
Obstetric outcomes in Jehovah's Witnesses: case series over nine years in a London teaching hospital.
Prophylactic use of intravascular balloon catheters in women with placenta accreta, increta and percreta.
Abnormally invasive placenta--AIP. Awareness and pro-active management is necessary.
Jehovah's Witnesses and those who refuse blood transfusion.
Maternal morbidity in cases of placenta accreta managed by a multidisciplinary care team compared with standard obstetric care.
Optimizing outcomes through protocols, multidisciplinary drills, and simulation.
Randomized trial of early detection and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.
Refusal of blood transfusion by Jehovah's Witness women: a survey of current management in obstetric and gynaecological practice in the UK.
Pregnancy, labour and delivery in a Jehovah's Witness with esophageal varices and thrombocytopenia. [English, French abstract]
Successful resuscitation following massive obstetric hemorrhage in a patient of the Jehovah's Witness faith: a case report.
Clinical practice guidelines prevention and management of primary postpartum haemorrhage.
Caring for pregnant women for whom transfusion is not an option. A national review to assist in patient care.
Minimizing surgical blood loss at cesarean hysterectomy for placenta previa with evidence of placenta increta or placenta percreta: the state of play in 2020.
Common errors and remedies in managing postpartum haemorrhage.
The theory and practice of bloodless surgery.
Patient blood management in obstetrics: management of anaemia and haematinic deficiencies in pregnancy and in the post-partum period: NATA consensus statement.
Bloodless management of postpartum hemorrhage and Jehovah's Witnesses.
Prise en charge de l'hémorragie post-partum sans transfusions sanguines chez les Témoins de Jéhovah. [Bloodless management of postpartum hemorrhage and Jehovah's Witnesses.] [English, French]
Better planning could have saved life of woman who refused transfusion, MD says.
Postpartum hemorrhage.
Role of prophylactic uterine artery balloon catheters in the management of women with suspected placenta accreta.
Patient blood management (PBM) in pregnancy and childbirth: literature review and expert opinion.
The role of interventional radiology in reducing haemorrhage and hysterectomy following caesarean section for morbidly adherent placenta.
Multidisciplinary management of invasive placenta previa.
貧血處置
How I treat anemia in pregnancy: iron, cobalamin, and folate.
Intravenous versus oral iron for treatment of anemia in pregnancy: a randomized trial.
The role of intravenous iron in anemia management and transfusion avoidance.
Placental transfusion strategies in very preterm neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Diagnosis and treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia during pregnancy and postpartum.
Treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy and postpartum.
Delayed cord clamping versus early cord clamping in elective cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial.
Effect of delayed cord clamping on very preterm infants.
Intravenous iron treatment in pregnancy: comparison of high-dose ferric carboxymaltose vs. iron sucrose.
Umbilical cord milking reduces need for red cell transfusions and improves neonatal adaptation in preterm infants: meta-analysis.
Antenatal erythropoietin and intra-operative cell salvage in a Jehovah's Witness with placenta praevia.
Iron deficiency anemia in women: a practical guide to detection, diagnosis, and treatment.
Treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia with intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in pregnancy.
Early versus delayed cord clamping in term and preterm births: a review.
Anaemia in pregnancy.
Treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy with intravenous versus oral iron: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Anaemia, prenatal iron use, and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Late vs early clamping of the umbilical cord in full-term neonates: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.
Delayed umbilical cord clamping in premature neonates.
Triplet pregnancy in a Jehovah's Witness: recombinant human erythropoietin and iron supplementation for minimising the risks of excessive blood loss.
Placental transfusion: a review.
A prospective randomized, controlled trial of intravenous versus oral iron for moderate iron deficiency anaemia of pregnancy.
Three-year follow-up of a randomised clinical trial of intravenous versus oral iron for anaemia in pregnancy.
Iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy and postpartum: pathophysiology and effect of oral versus intravenous iron therapy.
Intravenous iron sucrose versus oral iron in treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: a randomized clinical trial.
Selective use of recombinant human erythropoietin in pregnant patients with severe anemia or nonresponsive to iron sucrose alone.
Evaluation of anemia.
Recombinant human erythropoietin in a triplet pregnancy: a case report.
Anemia in Pregnancy: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 233.
The effects of umbilical cord milking in extremely preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial.
Committee Opinion No. 684: Delayed umbilical cord clamping after birth.
Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping of term infants on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Patient blood management in obstetrics: management of anaemia and haematinic deficiencies in pregnancy and in the post-partum period: NATA consensus statement.
Comparison of the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women whose anemia was not corrected before delivery and pregnant women who were treated with intravenous iron in the third trimester.
UK guidelines on the management of iron deficiency in pregnancy.
Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy.
Intermittent oral iron supplementation during pregnancy.
Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping and other strategies to influence placental transfusion at preterm birth on maternal and infant outcomes.
Milking compared with delayed cord clamping to increase placental transfusion in preterm neonates: a randomized controlled trial.
Timing of umbilical cord clamping after birth for optimizing placental transfusion.
Efficacy and safety of adjuvant recombinant human erythropoietin and ferrous sulfate as treatment for iron deficiency anemia during the third trimester of pregnancy.
Effectiveness of intravenous iron sucrose in management of iron-deficient anemia of pregnancy at rural hospital set up.
Contemporary uses of erythropoietin in pregnancy: a literature review.
Iron absorption from oral iron supplements given on consecutive versus alternate days and as single morning doses versus twice-daily split dosing in iron-depleted women: two open-label, randomised controlled trials.
Current concepts in preoperative anemia management in obstetrics.
懷孕早期
晚期妊娠
延遲鉗夾臍帶預防新生兒貧血
血小板低下之處置
Successful treatment of severe thrombocytopenia with romiplostim in a pregnant patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Rescue therapy with romiplostim for refractory primary immune thrombocytopenia during pregnancy.
Eltrombopag to treat thrombocytopenia during last month of pregnancy in a woman with MYH9-related disease: a case report.
Use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists for immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy: results from a multicenter study.
A case of refractory immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy managed with elthrombopag.
Safety and efficacy of eltrombopag for treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia: results of the long-term, open-label EXTEND study.
阻止或延緩早產
Cerclage for short cervix on ultrasonography in women with singleton gestations and previous preterm birth: a meta-analysis.
Prophylactic administration of progesterone by vaginal suppository to reduce the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth in women at increased risk: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study.
Tocolytic therapy for preterm delivery: systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Progestogens for preterm birth prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
加速有早產風險婦女的胎兒肺部之成熟
Antenatal betamethasone for women at risk for late preterm delivery.
Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth.
Antenatal corticosteroid therapy before 24 weeks of gestation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes.
Different corticosteroids and regimens for accelerating fetal lung maturation for babies at risk of preterm birth.
預防性的手術全期血管栓塞方式
Prophylactic use of intravascular balloon catheters in women with placenta accreta, increta and percreta.
Nonremoval of an abnormally invasive placenta at cesarean section with postoperative uterine artery embolization.
Conservative management of invasive placenta using combined prophylactic internal iliac artery balloon occlusion and immediate postoperative uterine artery embolization.
The management and outcomes of placenta accreta, increta, and percreta in the UK: a population-based descriptive study.
Prophylactic balloon occlusion of the common iliac arteries for the management of suspected placenta accreta/percreta: conclusions from a short case series.
Prophylactic use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in women with abnormal placentation: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and case series.
Role of prophylactic uterine artery balloon catheters in the management of women with suspected placenta accreta.
手術中自體血液的使用
Cell salvage in obstetrics.
Cell salvage as part of a blood conservation strategy in anaesthesia.
The economic benefits of cell salvage in obstetric haemorrhage.
Intraoperative autologous blood transfusion.
Blood conservation techniques in obstetrics: a UK perspective.
Cell salvage in obstetrics: an evaluation of the ability of cell salvage combined with leucocyte depletion filtration to remove amniotic fluid from operative blood loss at caesarean section.
Very low rate of patient-related adverse events associated with the use of intraoperative cell salvage.
The use of cell salvage in women undergoing cesarean hysterectomy for abnormal placentation.
Normovolemic hemodilution before cesarean hysterectomy for placenta percreta.
The use of acute hemodilution in parturients undergoing cesarean section.
Use of cell salvage at the time of cesarean delivery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Cell salvage for obstetric patients who decline blood transfusion: a national survey.
Introduction of cell salvage to a large obstetric unit: the first six months.
The introduction of intra-operative cell salvage in obstetric clinical practice: a review of the available evidence.
Blood-conservation strategies in a blood-refusal parturient with placenta previa and placenta percreta.
Red blood cell salvage during obstetric hemorrhage.
The impact of intraoperative autologous blood transfusion during type III radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer.
Intraoperative red cell salvage during obstetric surgery in 50 Japanese women.
Acute normovolemic hemodilution, intraoperative cell salvage and PulseCO hemodynamic monitoring in a Jehovah's Witness with placenta percreta.
Blood salvage during caesarean section.
Intraoperative cell salvaged blood as part of a blood conservation strategy in Caesarean section: is fetal red cell contamination important?
The safety of intraoperative autologous blood collection and autotransfusion during cesarean section.
Contamination of salvaged maternal blood by amniotic fluid and fetal red cells during elective Caesarean section.
Obstetric intra-operative cell salvage: a review of an established cell salvage service with 1170 re-infused cases.
Blood cell salvage during cesarean delivery.
Is cell salvaged vaginal blood loss suitable for re-infusion?
Peripartum use of cell salvage: a university practice audit and literature review.
Amniotic fluid removal during cell salvage in the cesarean section patient.
血液回收 (Blood Cell Salvage)
急性等容血液稀釋
積極處裡分娩之第三產程
Active versus expectant management for women in the third stage of labour.
Controlled cord traction for the third stage of labour.
A comparison of active management and expectant management of the third stage of labour: a Swedish randomised controlled trial.
Active management of the third stage of labour: prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.
Prevention and Management of Postpartum Haemorrhage: Green-top Guideline No. 52.
The effects of a peripartum strategy to prevent and treat primary postpartum haemorrhage at health facilities in Niger: a longitudinal, 72-month study.
子宮收縮劑(Uterotonic Agents)
Randomized controlled trial comparing carbetocin, misoprostol, and oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage following an elective cesarean delivery.
Uterotonic agents for preventing postpartum haemorrhage: a network meta-analysis.
Preventing postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean delivery: A network meta-analysis of available pharmacologic agents.
A randomised controlled trial comparing oxytocin and oxytocin + ergometrine for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage at caesarean section.
Prophylactic use of ergot alkaloids in the third stage of labour.
Treatment for primary postpartum haemorrhage.
Comparison of two oxytocin regimens to prevent uterine atony at cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial.
Prospective randomized trial of oxytocin administration for active management of the third stage of labor.
A randomized clinical trial of preoperative versus postoperative misoprostol in elective cesarean delivery.
Dose and duration of oxytocin to prevent postpartum hemorrhage: a review.
Prostaglandin E2 analogue sulprostone for treatment of atonic postpartum hemorrhage.
The effects of a peripartum strategy to prevent and treat primary postpartum haemorrhage at health facilities in Niger: a longitudinal, 72-month study.
Intravenous sulprostone infusion in the treatment of retained placenta.
Carbetocin for preventing postpartum haemorrhage.
Prostaglandins for preventing postpartum haemorrhage.
Prophylactic oxytocin for the third stage of labour to prevent postpartum haemorrhage.
手術處理產後出血
Stepwise uterine devascularization: a novel technique for management of uncontrolled postpartum hemorrhage with preservation of the uterus.
Surgical management of placenta accreta: a cohort series and suggested approach.
Minimizing blood loss at cesarean-hysterectomy for placenta previa percreta.
The combination of intrauterine balloon tamponade and the B-Lynch procedure for the treatment of severe postpartum hemorrhage.
Uterine compression sutures for the management of severe postpartum hemorrhage.
Minimizing surgical blood loss at cesarean hysterectomy for placenta previa with evidence of placenta increta or placenta percreta: the state of play in 2020.
Uterine compression sutures, an update: review of efficacy, safety and complications of B-Lynch suture and other uterine compression techniques for postpartum haemorrhage.
Important surgical measures and techniques at cesarean hysterectomy for placenta previa accreta.
Hayman uterine compression stitch for arresting atonic postpartum hemorrhage: 5 years experience.
The uterine sandwich for persistent uterine atony: combining the B-Lynch compression suture and an intrauterine Bakri balloon.
Uterine artery ligation in the control of postcesarean hemorrhage.
Initial interventions to combat hemorrhage during cesarean section and internal iliac artery ligation.
Postpartum hemorrhage.
Uterine tamponade using condom catheter balloon in the management of non-traumatic postpartum hemorrhage.
B-Lynch suture for massive persistent postpartum hemorrhage following stepwise uterine devascularization.
The surgical approach to postpartum haemorrhage.
Emergency surgery for PPH in women declining blood transfusion or when allogeneic blood is not available.
The treatment of obstetric haemorrhage in women who refuse blood transfusion.
Application of uterine compression suture in association with intrauterine balloon tamponade ('uterine sandwich') for postpartum hemorrhage.
權宜措施
Two-provider technique for bimanual uterine compression to control postpartum hemorrhage.
Initial experience with a dual-balloon catheter for the management of postpartum hemorrhage.
Systematic review of conservative management of postpartum hemorrhage: what to do when medical treatment fails.
Management of postpartum hemorrhage by uterine balloon tamponade: prospective evaluation of effectiveness.
Balloon tamponade in the management of postpartum haemorrhage: a review.
Using the uterine-specific Bakri balloon in the management of postpartum hemorrhage: case series and conceptual/practical guidelines.
Use of Bakri balloon tamponade in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage: a series of 50 cases from a tertiary teaching hospital.
Uterine packing with chitosan-covered tamponade to treat postpartum hemorrhage.
Balloon tamponade for the management of postpartum uterine hemorrhage.
Aortic compression in massive postpartum haemorrhage—an old but lifesaving technique.
Conservative approach in heavy postpartum hemorrhage associated with coagulopathy.
Non-pneumatic anti-shock garment for improving maternal survival following severe postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review.
The effects of a peripartum strategy to prevent and treat primary postpartum haemorrhage at health facilities in Niger: a longitudinal, 72-month study.
Uterine balloon tamponade for the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Positive effects of the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment on delays in accessing care for postpartum and postabortion hemorrhage in Egypt and Nigeria.
Successful use of BT-Cath(®) balloon tamponade in the management of postpartum haemorrhage due to placenta previa.
Success factors for Bakri™ balloon usage secondary to uterine atony: a retrospective, multicentre study.
Use of Bakri balloon in post-partum haemorrhage: a series of 15 cases.
Balloon tamponade for postpartum vaginal lacerations in a woman refusing blood transfusion.
有效止血方法
Effectiveness of tranexamic acid on blood loss in patients undergoing elective cesarean section: randomized clinical trial.
Role of thromboelastography versus coagulation screen as a safety predictor in pre-eclampsia/eclampsia patients undergoing lower-segment caesarean section in regional anaesthesia.
The efficacy of fibrinogen concentrate compared with cryoprecipitate in major obstetric haemorrhage--an observational study.
Use of recombinant activated factor VII in primary postpartum hemorrhage: the Northern European registry 2000-2004.
Assessment of coagulation in the obstetric population using ROTEM® thromboelastometry.
The use of fibrinogen concentrate to correct hypofibrinogenaemia rapidly during obstetric haemorrhage.
Association between fibrinogen level and severity of postpartum haemorrhage: secondary analysis of a prospective trial.
Obstetric hemorrhage and coagulation: an update. Thromboelastography, thromboelastometry, and conventional coagulation tests in the diagnosis and prediction of postpartum hemorrhage.
Tisseel for management of traumatic postpartum haemorrhage.
The use of recombinant activated FVII in postpartum hemorrhage.
Effect of treatment delay on the effectiveness and safety of antifibrinolytics in acute severe haemorrhage: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data from 40 138 bleeding patients.
Can intravenous injection of tranexamic acid be used in routine practice with active management of the third stage of labor in vaginal delivery? A randomized controlled study.
Efficacy of intravenous tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss after elective cesarean section: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Uterine packing with chitosan-covered tamponade to treat postpartum hemorrhage.
Recombinant human factor VIIa prevents hysterectomy in severe postpartum hemorrhage: single center study.
Postpartum hemorrhage: when uterotonics and sutures fail.
Major obstetric haemorrhage: monitoring with thromboelastography, laboratory analyses or both?
Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa/NovoSeven®) in the management of severe postpartum haemorrhage: initial report of a multicentre case series in Japan.
Recombinant human FVIIa for reducing the need for invasive second-line therapies in severe refractory postpartum hemorrhage: a multicenter, randomized, open controlled trial.
Fibrinogen as a therapeutic target for bleeding: a review of critical levels and replacement therapy.
Recombinant factor VIIa after amniotic fluid embolism and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.
Coagulopathy and placental abruption: changing management with ROTEM-guided fibrinogen concentrate therapy.
Use of FloSeal haemostatic gel in massive obstetric haemorrhage: a case report.
Successful treatment of severe intra-abdominal bleeding associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation using recombinant activated factor VII.
Successful management by recombinant activated factor VII in a case of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy caused by obstetric hemorrhage.
Recombinant factor VIIa as last-resort treatment of desperate haemorrhage.
Factor VIIa in puerperal hemorrhage with disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Recombinant activated factor VII in obstetric hemorrhage: experiences from the Australian and New Zealand Haemostasis Registry.
Recombinant factor VIIa to successfully manage disseminated intravascular coagulation from amniotic fluid embolism.
Topical application of recombinant activated factor VII during cesarean delivery for placenta previa.
Effect of early tranexamic acid administration on mortality, hysterectomy, and other morbidities in women with post-partum haemorrhage (WOMAN): an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Association between fibrinogen levels and severity of postpartum hemorrhage in singleton vaginal deliveries at a Japanese perinatal center.
Tranexamic acid for preventing postpartum blood loss after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Haemostatic monitoring during postpartum haemorrhage and implications for management.
Randomized controlled trial of tranexamic acid among parturients at increased risk for postpartum hemorrhage undergoing cesarean delivery.
Role of recombinant factor VIIa in the clinical management of severe postpartum hemorrhage: consensus among European experts.
A systematic review: the use of desmopressin for treatment and prophylaxis of bleeding disorders in pregnancy.
Fibrin sealant for management of complicated obstetric lacerations.
抗纖維蛋白溶解劑
重組活化第七凝血因子（rFVIIa）
凝血因子濃縮製劑
迷你寧（去氨加壓素）（DDAVP）
局部止血劑
利用黏彈試驗辨別外科性失血或凝血功能病變性出失血
密切監測產後出血
Complications of the third stage of labour.
Peripartum hysterectomy.
Randomized trial of early detection and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.
Sonographic evaluation for intra-abdominal hemorrhage after cesarean delivery.
Ultrasonographic visualization of bleeding sites can help control postpartum hemorrhage using intrauterine balloon tamponade.
National Partnership for Maternal Safety: consensus bundle on obstetric hemorrhage.
Patient blood management in obstetrics: prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage. A NATA consensus statement.
子宮持續出血的初步處理至切除手術
Evaluation and management of postpartum hemorrhage: consensus from an international expert panel.
Abdominal packing for intractable obstetrical and gynecologic hemorrhage.
Peripartum hysterectomy.
Planned vs emergent cesarean hysterectomy.
Lessons learned from the outcome of bloodless emergency laparotomies on Jehovah's Witness women presenting in the extremis with ruptured uterus.
An effective pressure pack for severe pelvic hemorrhage.
Emergency peripartum hysterectomy.
Emergency peripartum hysterectomy in a tertiary obstetric center: 8-year evaluation.
Pelvic umbrella pack for refractory obstetric hemorrhage secondary to posterior uterine rupture.
Caring for pregnant women for whom transfusion is not an option. A national review to assist in patient care.
Peripartum hysterectomy in the UK: management and outcomes of the associated haemorrhage.
Blood-conservation strategies in a blood-refusal parturient with placenta previa and placenta percreta.
Bloodless management of postpartum hemorrhage and Jehovah's Witnesses.
Prise en charge de l'hémorragie post-partum sans transfusions sanguines chez les Témoins de Jéhovah. [Bloodless management of postpartum hemorrhage and Jehovah's Witnesses.] [English, French]
A 27-year review of obstetric hysterectomy.
Emergency postpartum hysterectomy for uncontrolled postpartum bleeding: a systematic review.
Peripartum hysterectomy for primary postpartum haemorrhage: incidence and maternal morbidity.
診斷時避免放血防止醫原性貧血
Savoring every drop—vampire or mosquito?
The practical utility of routine postpartum hemoglobin assessment.
產後貧血之處置
Efficacy of intravenous iron for treating postpartum anemia in low-resource African countries: a pilot study in Malawi.
Massive obstetric hemorrhage in a Jehovah's Witness: intraoperative strategies and high-dose erythropoietin use.
Intravenous versus oral iron therapy for postpartum anaemia.
Effectiveness of recombinant erythropoietin and iron sucrose vs. iron therapy only, in patients with postpartum anaemia and blunted erythropoiesis.
Anémies sévères du post-partum immédiat. Pratique clinique et intérêt du fer par voie intraveineuse. [Acute postpartum anaemia. Clinical practice and interest of intravenous iron.] [French, English abstract]
Treatment for women with postpartum iron deficiency anaemia.
Iron deficiency anemia in women: a practical guide to detection, diagnosis, and treatment.
Intravenous iron sucrose versus oral iron ferrous sulfate for antenatal and postpartum iron deficiency anemia: a randomized trial.
To the rescue: the role of intravenous iron in the management of severe anaemia in the peri-partum setting.
Effect of administering recombinant erythropoietin to women with postpartum anemia: a meta-analysis.
Iron sucrose with and without recombinant erythropoietin for the treatment of severe postpartum anemia: a prospective, randomized, open-label study.
Recombinant human erythropoietin treatment of postpartum anemia. Preliminary results.
Patient blood management in obstetrics: management of anaemia and haematinic deficiencies in pregnancy and in the post-partum period: NATA consensus statement.
Life-threatening postoperative blood loss in a Jehovah's Witness, treated with high-dose erythropoietin.
Ferric carboxymaltose injection in the treatment of postpartum iron deficiency anemia: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
Comparative study of efficacy and safety of ferric carboxymaltose versus iron sucrose in post-partum anaemia.
Oral vs intravenous iron therapy for postpartum anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose compared with oral iron in the treatment of postpartum anemia: a randomized controlled trial.
Efficacy and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose compared with oral iron for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in women after childbirth in Tanzania: a parallel-group, open-label, randomised controlled phase 3 trial.
A 12-week randomised study comparing intravenous iron sucrose versus oral ferrous sulphate for treatment of postpartum anemia.
病人對貧血的耐受能力最適化
Severe blood loss anemia in a Jehovah's Witness treated with adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Successful resuscitation following massive obstetric hemorrhage in a patient of the Jehovah's Witness faith: a case report.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the management of severe acute anaemia in a Jehovah's Witness.
Pillar III—optimisation of anaemia tolerance.
Cardiac output and fluid replacement in a Jehovah's Witness with severe postpartum hemorrhage.
Optimization of oxygen delivery in a Jehovah's Witness with severe anaemia after postpartum haemorrhage.
Use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine in a Jehovah's Witness with life-threatening anemia following postpartum hemorrhage.
正球性貧血的耐受性
Transfusion practices in postpartum hemorrhage: a population-based study.
A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care.
Restrictive transfusion strategy does not affect clinical prognosis in patients with ectopic pregnancy.
Avoiding unnecessary blood transfusions in women with profound anaemia.
Anemia and perioperative red blood cell transfusion: a matter of tolerance.
What factors contribute to hospital variation in obstetric transfusion rates?
Cardiac output and fluid replacement in a Jehovah's Witness with severe postpartum hemorrhage.
Transfusion policy after severe postpartum haemorrhage: a randomised non-inferiority trial.
預防新生兒和母親的併發症
Committee Opinion No. 712: Intrapartum management of intraamniotic infection.
VTE, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy, and pregnancy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.
Limited course of antibiotic treatment for chorioamnionitis.
Intrapartum antibiotics and risk factors for early onset sepsis.
Daily compared with 8-hour gentamicin for the treatment of intrapartum chorioamnionitis: a randomized controlled trial.
Management of neonates with suspected or proven early-onset bacterial sepsis.
Thromboprophylaxis after cesarean delivery: a decision analysis.
No. 233--Antibiotic therapy in preterm premature rupture of the membranes.
有限資源下的設置
Emergency peripartum hysterectomy in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria.
The use of the condom-catheter for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage - the Sokoto experience.
Efficacy of intravenous iron for treating postpartum anemia in low-resource African countries: a pilot study in Malawi.
Emergency peripartum hysterectomy in a low resource setting: a 5-year analysis.
Treatment of post-partum haemorrhage with sublingual misoprostol versus oxytocin in women receiving prophylactic oxytocin: a double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial.
Temporary treatment of severe postpartum hemorrhage.
Rectally administered misoprostol versus intravenous oxytocin infusion during cesarean delivery to reduce intraoperative and postoperative blood loss.
A randomized trial of sublingual misoprostol to augment routine third-stage management among women at risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
Sublingual misoprostol as an adjunct to oxytocin during cesarean delivery in women at risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
Lessons learned from the outcome of bloodless emergency laparotomies on Jehovah's Witness women presenting in the extremis with ruptured uterus.
Oxytocin via Uniject (a prefilled single-use injection) versus oral misoprostol for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage at the community level: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
Per-protocol effect of earlier non-pneumatic anti-shock garment application for obstetric hemorrhage.
Experience in the use of non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (NASG) in the management of postpartum haemorrhage with hypovolemic shock in the Fundación Valle Del Lili, Cali, Colombia.
Iron supplementation in iron-replete and nonanemic pregnant women in Tanzania: a randomized clinical trial.
Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.
Misoprostol to prevent and treat postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of maternal deaths and dose-related effects.
A simple alternative to parenteral oxytocics for the third stage of labor.
Prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage in low-resource settings.
Obstetric hemorrhage and shock management: using the low technology Non-pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment in Nigerian and Egyptian tertiary care facilities.
A comparative study of the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment for the treatment of obstetric hemorrhage in Egypt.
Non-pneumatic anti-shock garments: clinical trials and results.
Iron sucrose versus oral iron therapy in pregnancy anemia.
Obstetric hysterectomy: fifteen years' experience in a Nigerian tertiary centre.
Non-pneumatic anti-shock garment for improving maternal survival following severe postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review.
A randomized clinical trial of preoperative versus postoperative misoprostol in elective cesarean delivery.
Umbilical vein injection of misoprostol versus normal saline for the treatment of retained placenta: intrapartum placebo-controlled trial.
Ferric carboxymaltose: a revolution in the treatment of postpartum anemia in Indian women.
Emergency peripartum hysterectomy.
Effectiveness of intravenous iron sucrose in management of iron-deficient anemia of pregnancy at rural hospital set up.
Uterine balloon tamponade for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage in resource-poor settings: a systematic review.
Management of postpartum hemorrhage in low resource settings.
Blood salvage device for use during ruptured ectopic pregnancy in low-resource countries.
Treatment of post-partum haemorrhage with sublingual misoprostol versus oxytocin in women not exposed to oxytocin during labour: a double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial.
臨床療效
Obstetric outcomes in Jehovah's Witnesses: case series over nine years in a London teaching hospital.
Major gynecologic and obstetric surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses.
Health care-associated infection after red blood cell transfusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Obstetric outcomes and acceptance of alternative therapies to blood transfusion by Jehovah's Witnesses in Japan: a single-center study.
經濟效益
Cost savings of red cell salvage during cesarean delivery.
The economic benefits of cell salvage in obstetric haemorrhage.
Cost-effectiveness of the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (NASG): evidence from a cluster randomized controlled trial in Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Impact of a patient blood management monitoring and feedback programme on allogeneic blood transfusions and related costs.
Cost-effectiveness of red blood cell transfusion vs. non-intervention in women with acute anaemia after postpartum haemorrhage.
Cost-effectiveness of two interventions for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in Senegal.
術前病人評估和輸血風險評估
Identifying patients at risk of intraoperative and postoperative transfusion in isolated CABG: toward selective conservation strategies.
Perioperative care of a Jehovah's Witness with a leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Blood loss and transfusion rates associated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement: recommendations for patients who refuse blood transfusion.
Association between bleeding events and in-hospital mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Preoperative hemostasis and its association with bleeding and blood component transfusion requirements in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
2012 update to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Guideline on use of antiplatelet drugs in patients having cardiac and noncardiac operations.
Relation of the HAS-BLED bleeding risk score to major bleeding, cardiovascular events, and mortality in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation.
Preoperative anemia is an independent predictor of postoperative mortality and adverse cardiac events in elderly patients undergoing elective vascular operations.
Predictors of bleeding and time dependence of association of bleeding with mortality: insights from the Trial to Assess Improvement in Therapeutic Outcomes by Optimizing Platelet Inhibition With Prasugrel--Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 38 (TRITON-TIMI 38).
Cardiac surgery in Jehovah's Witness patients: ten-year experience.
A multivariable model for predicting the need for blood transfusion in patients undergoing first-time elective coronary bypass graft surgery.
Interrelationship of preoperative anemia, intraoperative anemia, and red blood cell transfusion as potentially modifiable risk factors for acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery: a historical multicentre cohort study.
The influence of baseline hemoglobin concentration on tolerance of anemia in cardiac surgery.
Transfusion Risk and Clinical Knowledge (TRACK) score and cardiac surgery in patients refusing transfusion.
Combined clopidogrel and aspirin treatment up to surgery increases the risk of postoperative myocardial infarction, blood loss and reoperation for bleeding in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.
Predictors of transfusion requirements for cardiac surgical procedures at a blood conservation center.
Identification des facteurs prédictifs de transfusion sanguine homologue en chirurgie cardiaque à partir d'une étude observationnelle. [Identification of risk factors for allogenic transfusion in cardiac surgery from an observational study.] [French]
Aortic valve replacement through a minimally invasive approach: preoperative planning, surgical technique, and outcome.
Major bleeding, transfusions, and anemia: the deadly triad of cardiac surgery.
Predicting transfusions in cardiac surgery: the easier, the better: the Transfusion Risk and Clinical Knowledge score.
Impact of preoperative anemia on outcome in adult cardiac surgery: a propensity-matched analysis.
Preparation of the patient for surgery.
Risk factors for red cell transfusion in adults undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: a systematic review.
Factors predicting loss and gain of red cell volume in cardiac surgery patients.
The effect of pre-operative aspirin on bleeding, transfusion, myocardial infarction, and mortality in coronary artery bypass surgery: a systematic review of randomized and observational studies.
A surgeon's guide to herbal supplements.
Risk factors for red blood cell transfusion after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Blood conservation strategies can be applied safely to high-risk complex aortic surgery.
Management of blood transfusion in aortic valve surgery: impact of a blood conservation strategy.
術前計劃和病人醫療照護最適化
Hybrid approach to pulmonary valve replacement with melody prosthesis following pulmonary banding.
Changes in haemoglobin levels during hospital course and long-term outcome after acute myocardial infarction.
Preoperative assessment and management to prevent complications during high-risk vascular surgery.
Preparing a Jehovah's Witness for major elective surgery.
Effect on outcomes and exercise performance of anemia in patients with aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
The operating surgeon is an independent predictor of chest tube drainage following cardiac surgery.
Preoperative hemostasis and its association with bleeding and blood component transfusion requirements in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
Avoiding blood transfusion in surgical patients (including Jehovah's Witnesses).
Effect of timing of chronic preoperative aspirin discontinuation on morbidity and mortality in patients having combined coronary artery bypass grafting and valve surgery.
The theory and practice of bloodless surgery.
Strategies and outcomes of cardiac surgery in Jehovah's Witnesses.
Prevalence, factors associated with, and prognostic effects of preoperative anemia on short- and long-term mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
The association of perioperative transfusion with 30-day morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing major vascular surgery.
Aortic valve replacement in a Jehovah's Witness: a case of multi-disciplinary clinical management for bloodless surgery.
An updated bleeding model to predict the risk of post-procedure bleeding among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a report using an expanded bleeding definition from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCI Registry.
Heart transplant in Jehovah's Witness patients: a case-control study.
Preparation of the patient for surgery.
Optimizing transfusion in vascular surgery: is bloodless surgery an option?
Preoperative hematocrit as a predictor of perioperative morbidities following nonemergent coronary artery bypass surgery.
Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witness patients: the role of preoperative optimization.
STS/SCA/AmSECT/SABM update to the clinical practice guidelines on patient blood management.
Impact of haemoglobin concentration on cardiovascular outcome after vascular surgery: a retrospective observational cohort study.
Preoperative optimization of the vascular surgery patient.
多面向治療技術，多專科科際合作及個人化的醫療處置
Blood conservation strategies in cardiac surgery: more is better.
Blood loss and transfusion rates associated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement: recommendations for patients who refuse blood transfusion.
Blood transfusion reduction in cardiac surgery: multidisciplinary approach at a community hospital.
Perioperative management of four anaemic female Jehovah's Witnesses undergoing urgent complex cardiac surgery.
Bilateral sequential lung transplantation in Jehovah's Witnesses.
Aortic valve replacement in a dialysis-dependent Jehovah's Witness: successful use of a minicircuit, microplegia, and multimodality blood conservation technique.
Blood conservation strategies reduce the need for transfusions in ascending and aortic arch surgery.
Conservation of blood during cardiovascular surgery.
Bloodless orthotopic heart transplantation in a Jehovah's Witness.
Repair of type A dissection in a Jehovah's Witness with prior cardiac operation.
Hemodilution and surgical hemostasis contribute significantly to transfusion requirements in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass.
Double-valve surgery in Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome.
Repeat cardiac surgery in a Jehovah's Witness patient with thrombocytopenia.
Should Jehovah's Witness patients be listed for heart transplantation?
Cardiopulmonary bypass in Jehovah's Witnesses.
Successful ascending aorta and hemiarch replacement and aortic valve resuspension via redo median sternotomy using hypothermic circulatory arrest in a practicing Jehovah's Witnesses patient.
2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines.
Jehovah's Witnesses requiring complex urgent cardiothoracic surgery.
Successful allograft root re-replacement for prosthetic valve endocarditis with improvement of renal function in a Jehovah's Witness patient.
Anesthesia management of a Jehovah's Witness patient with pheochromocytoma undergoing off pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery—a case report.
Treatment of anemia in patients with heart disease: a systematic review.
Total aortic arch replacement for the treatment of Kommerell's diverticulum in a Jehovah's Witness.
An evolution in blood management: past, present, and future.
Blood conservation—a team sport.
Blood conservation strategies in Jehovah's Witness patients undergoing complex aortic surgery: a report of three cases.
Aortic arch replacement and elephant trunk procedure: an interdisciplinary approach to surgical reconstruction, perfusion strategies and blood management.
Multidisciplinary management of a Jehovah's Witness patient for the removal of a renal cell carcinoma extending into the right atrium.
Update on blood conservation for cardiac surgery.
Anesthetic management for ascending aorta replacement in a patient who refused autologous transfusion for religious reasons.
Successful surgical repair of acute type A aortic dissection without the use of blood products.
Aortic valve replacement in a Jehovah's Witness: a case of multi-disciplinary clinical management for bloodless surgery.
Bloodless third complex heart operation in a Jehovah's Witness patient with extremely low preoperative haemoglobin level.
Aortic valve replacement and repair of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm in a Jehovah's Witness.
Thoraco-abdominal aneurysm repair in a Jehovah's Witness: maximising blood conservation.
Programmatic blood conservation in cardiac surgery.
Multi-modality blood conservation strategy in open-heart surgery: an audit.
Successful use of ECMO in a Jehovah's Witness after complicated re-heart transplant.
Therapeutic options to minimize allogeneic blood transfusions and their adverse effects in cardiac surgery: a systematic review. [Opções terapêuticas para minimizar transfusões de sangue alogênico e seus efeitos adversos em cirurgia cardíaca: revisão sistemática.] [English, Portuguese]
Bloodless aortic valve and ascending aorta replacement surgery requiring circulatory arrest: two case studies.
2011 update to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists blood conservation clinical practice guidelines.
Effects of a targeted blood management programme on allogeneic blood transfusion in abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery.
A structured blood conservation programme reduces transfusions and costs in cardiac surgery.
Effects of a multimodality blood conservation schema toward improvement of intraoperative hemoglobin levels and off-pump transfusions in coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
A standardized multidisciplinary approach reduces the use of allogeneic blood products in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Ten-year patterns in blood product utilization during cardiothoracic surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in a tertiary hospital.
Coronary artery bypass grafting in a dialysis-dependent Jehovah's Witness.
Implementation of a comprehensive blood conservation program can reduce blood use in a community cardiac surgery program.
Blood conservation strategies can be applied safely to high-risk complex aortic surgery.
Management of blood transfusion in aortic valve surgery: impact of a blood conservation strategy.
Rupture of chronic type B aortic dissection in a Jehovah's Witness: successful surgical repair without blood transfusion.
The perfusionist's role in a collaborative multidisciplinary approach to blood transfusion reduction in cardiac surgery.
術前貧血之處置和提升紅血球質量
Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency.
Successful repair of a giant abdominal aortoiliac aneurysm in a Jehovah's Witness.
Blood loss and transfusion rates associated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement: recommendations for patients who refuse blood transfusion.
Impact of preoperative erythropoietin on allogeneic blood transfusions in surgical patients: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Epoetin dosing for blood conservation in Jehovah's Witness patients undergoing cardiac surgery—a systematic review.
Effects of preoperative intravenous erythropoietin plus iron on outcome in anemic patients after cardiac valve replacement.
Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in iron-deficient chronic heart failure patients with and without anaemia: a subanalysis of the FAIR-HF trial.
Current status of pharmacologic therapies in patient blood management.
Intraoperative anemia and single red blood cell transfusion during cardiac surgery: an assessment of postoperative outcome including patients refusing blood transfusion.
The influence of baseline hemoglobin concentration on tolerance of anemia in cardiac surgery.
Randomised open-label trial comparing intravenous iron and an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent versus oral iron to treat preoperative anaemia in cardiac surgery (INITIATE trial).
Efficacy and safety of erythropoietin and intravenous iron in perioperative blood management: a systematic review.
The least of 3 evils: exposure to red blood cell transfusion, anemia, or both?
Jehovah's Witnesses and cardiac surgery: a single institution's experience.
Determining optimal treatment to correct preoperative anemia and reduce perioperative allogeneic blood transfusions in cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of effects of enteral iron supplementation on anemia and risk of infection during surgical critical illness.
Efficacy of quadruple treatment on different types of pre-operative anaemia: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.
Penny-wise and pound-foolish: the challenges of preoperative anaemia management.
Preoperative erythropoietin and blood conservation management for thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair in a Jehovah's Witness.
Intravenous iron in heart failure: beyond targeting anemia.
Cardiovascular surgery in Jehovah's Witness patients: the role of preoperative optimization.
Intravenous iron without erythropoietin for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure and chronic kidney insufficiency.
Preoperative very short-term, high-dose erythropoietin administration diminishes blood transfusion rate in off-pump coronary artery bypass: a randomized blind controlled study.
A single dose of erythropoietin reduces perioperative transfusions in cardiac surgery: results of a prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial.
Blood conservation strategies can be applied safely to high-risk complex aortic surgery.
Effect of single recombinant human erythropoietin injection on transfusion requirements in preoperatively anemic patients undergoing valvular heart surgery.
抗凝血之處置和抗凝逆轉
Prothrombin complex concentrates versus fresh frozen plasma for warfarin reversal. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Pharmacological prophylaxis of bleeding in surgical patients treated with aspirin.
Reversal of warfarin: case-based practice recommendations.
Stopping antiplatelet medication before coronary artery bypass graft surgery: is there an optimal timing to minimize bleeding?
Is a fully heparin-bonded cardiopulmonary bypass circuit superior to a standard cardiopulmonary bypass circuit?
Heparin-bonded circuits versus nonheparin-bonded circuits: an evaluation of their effect on clinical outcomes.
Heparin-coated extracorporeal circulation in combination with low dose systemic heparinization reduces early postoperative blood loss in cardiac surgery.
Idarucizumab for dabigatran reversal.